Zhang Zhibo, Lee YeonKyeong, Sivertsen Astrid, Skjeseth Gry, Haugslien Sissel, Clarke Jihong Liu, Wang Qiao-Chun, Blystad Dag-Ragnar
The Plant Health and Biotechnology Division, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchÅs, Norway; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Northwest China, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China.
Department of Plant Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Science Ås, Norway.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Mar 4;7:224. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00224. eCollection 2016.
Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) can infect Argyranthemum and cause serious economic loss. Low temperature treatment combined with meristem culture has been applied to eradicate viroids from their hosts, but without success in eliminating CSVd from diseased Argyranthemum. The objectives of this work were to investigate (1) the effect of low temperature treatment combined with meristem culture on elimination of CSVd, (2) the effect of low temperature treatment on CSVd distribution pattern in shoot apical meristem (SAM), and (3) CSVd distribution in flowers and stems of two infected Argyranthemum cultivars. After treatment with low temperature combined with meristem tip culture, two CSVd-free plants were found in 'Border Dark Red', but none in 'Yellow Empire'. With the help of in situ hybridization, we found that CSVd distribution patterns in the SAM showed no changes in diseased 'Yellow Empire' following 5°C treatment, compared with non-treated plants. However, the CSVd-free area in SAM was enlarged in diseased 'Border Dark Red' following prolonged 5°C treatment. Localization of CSVd in the flowers and stems of infected 'Border Dark Red' and 'Yellow Empire' indicated that seeds could not transmit CSVd in these two cultivars, and CSVd existed in phloem. Results obtained in the study contributed to better understanding of the distribution of CSVd in systemically infected plants and the combination of low temperature treatment and meristem tip culture for production of viroid-free plants.
菊花矮化类病毒（CSVd）可感染滨菊并造成严重经济损失。低温处理结合茎尖培养已被用于从寄主植物中清除类病毒，但在清除患病滨菊中的CSVd方面未取得成功。这项工作的目的是研究：（1）低温处理结合茎尖培养对CSVd清除的影响；（2）低温处理对茎尖分生组织（SAM）中CSVd分布模式的影响；（3）CSVd在两个受感染滨菊品种的花和茎中的分布。经过低温结合茎尖培养处理后，在“边境深红”品种中发现了两株无CSVd的植株，但在“帝国黄”品种中未发现。借助原位杂交技术，我们发现，与未处理的植株相比，“帝国黄”患病植株在5℃处理后，其SAM中的CSVd分布模式没有变化。然而，经过长时间5℃处理后，“边境深红”患病植株SAM中的无CSVd区域有所扩大。CSVd在受感染的“边境深红”和“帝国黄”的花和茎中的定位表明，种子在这两个品种中不能传播CSVd，且CSVd存在于韧皮部。该研究结果有助于更好地了解CSVd在系统感染植物中的分布情况，以及低温处理和茎尖培养相结合用于生产无类病毒植株的情况。
