Ward L Monique
a Department of Psychology , University of Michigan.
J Sex Res. 2016 May-Jun;53(4-5):560-77. doi: 10.1080/00224499.2016.1142496. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
Sexually objectifying portrayals of women are a frequent occurrence in mainstream media, raising questions about the potential impact of exposure to this content on others' impressions of women and on women's views of themselves. The goal of this review was to synthesize empirical investigations testing effects of media sexualization. The focus was on research published in peer-reviewed, English-language journals between 1995 and 2015. A total of 109 publications that contained 135 studies were reviewed. The findings provided consistent evidence that both laboratory exposure and regular, everyday exposure to this content are directly associated with a range of consequences, including higher levels of body dissatisfaction, greater self-objectification, greater support of sexist beliefs and of adversarial sexual beliefs, and greater tolerance of sexual violence toward women. Moreover, experimental exposure to this content leads both women and men to have a diminished view of women's competence, morality, and humanity. Limitations with the existing research approaches and measures are discussed, and suggestions for future research directions are provided.
女性被物化的形象在主流媒体中屡见不鲜，这引发了人们对于接触此类内容会如何影响他人对女性的看法以及女性自身对自己的看法的疑问。本综述的目的是综合实证研究，检验媒体性化的影响。重点关注1995年至2015年间发表在同行评审的英文期刊上的研究。共审查了109份包含135项研究的出版物。研究结果提供了一致的证据，表明无论是在实验室环境中接触此类内容，还是在日常生活中经常接触，都与一系列后果直接相关，包括更高程度的身体不满、更强的自我物化、对性别歧视信念和敌对性性观念的更多支持，以及对针对女性的性暴力的更大容忍度。此外，通过实验接触此类内容会使男性和女性都降低对女性能力、道德和人性的评价。文中讨论了现有研究方法和测量手段的局限性，并为未来的研究方向提供了建议。
