State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
Water Res. 2016 May 15;95:59-89. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.068. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
In recent years, the use of chitosan and its derivatives as flocculants in water treatment has received considerable attention due to their many advantages, including their widespread availability, environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and prominent structural features. However, it is a significant strategy for selection and design of the high-performance materials on the basis of their structure-activity relationships. Here we describe several of the chemical modification methods commonly used to prepare chitosan-based flocculants. These methods allow convenient control and adjustment of the structures of the obtained materials to meet the different practical requirements. The influence of structural elements of the chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation properties are emphasized in this review by examining different flocculation mechanisms and their applications in the treatment of various wastewaters containing different pollutants (insoluble suspended colloids but also dissolved matters). Above all, the chitosan-based flocculants with proper structures by precise structure control bear great application potentials in water treatment.
近年来，壳聚糖及其衍生物作为絮凝剂在水处理中的应用受到了相当多的关注，因为它们具有许多优点，包括广泛的可用性、环境友好性、可生物降解性和突出的结构特征。然而，基于其结构-活性关系，对高性能材料进行选择和设计是一项重要的策略。在这里，我们描述了几种常用于制备壳聚糖基絮凝剂的化学改性方法。这些方法允许方便地控制和调整所获得材料的结构，以满足不同的实际要求。通过考察不同的絮凝机理及其在处理含有不同污染物（不溶性悬浮胶体和溶解物质）的各种废水的应用，本文强调了壳聚糖基絮凝剂的结构元素对其絮凝性能的影响。总之，通过精确的结构控制获得具有适当结构的壳聚糖基絮凝剂在水处理中有很大的应用潜力。
