Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA.
Department of Physics and JILA, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA.; Grupo de Investigación en Aplicaciones del Láser y Fotónica, University of Salamanca, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain.
Sci Adv. 2016 Feb 19;2(2):e1501333. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1501333. eCollection 2016 Feb.
Bright, circularly polarized, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and soft x-ray high-harmonic beams can now be produced using counter-rotating circularly polarized driving laser fields. Although the resulting circularly polarized harmonics consist of relatively simple pairs of peaks in the spectral domain, in the time domain, the field is predicted to emerge as a complex series of rotating linearly polarized bursts, varying rapidly in amplitude, frequency, and polarization. We extend attosecond metrology techniques to circularly polarized light by simultaneously irradiating a copper surface with circularly polarized high-harmonic and linearly polarized infrared laser fields. The resulting temporal modulation of the photoelectron spectra carries essential phase information about the EUV field. Utilizing the polarization selectivity of the solid surface and by rotating the circularly polarized EUV field in space, we fully retrieve the amplitude and phase of the circularly polarized harmonics, allowing us to reconstruct one of the most complex coherent light fields produced to date.
现在可以使用反向旋转的圆偏振驱动激光场产生明亮的、圆偏振的极紫外(EUV)和软 X 射线高次谐波光束。尽管由此产生的圆偏振谐波在光谱域中由相对简单的峰值对组成，但在时域中，该场预计会以复杂的一系列旋转线偏振脉冲形式出现，其幅度、频率和偏振迅速变化。我们通过同时用圆偏振高次谐波和线偏振红外激光场辐照铜表面，将阿秒计量技术扩展到圆偏振光。由此产生的光电子能谱的时间调制携带关于 EUV 场的基本相位信息。利用固体表面的偏振选择性，并通过在空间中旋转圆偏振 EUV 场，我们完全恢复了圆偏振谐波的幅度和相位，从而能够重建迄今为止产生的最复杂的相干光场之一。
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