Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2016 Nov 15;106(Pt A):157-171. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.03.002. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
Nature, in its wonders, presents and assembles the most intricate and delicate protein structures and this remarkable phenomenon occurs in all kingdom and phyla of life. Of these proteins, cage-like multimeric proteins provide spatial control to biological processes and also compartmentalizes compounds that may be toxic or unstable and avoids their contact with the environment. Protein-based nanocages are of particular interest because of their potential applicability as drug delivery carriers and their perfect and complex symmetry and ideal physical properties, which have stimulated researchers to engineer, modify or mimic these qualities. This article reviews various existing types of protein-based nanocages that are used for therapeutic purposes, and outlines their drug-loading mechanisms and bioengineering strategies via genetic and chemical functionalization. Through a critical evaluation of recent advances in protein nanocage-based drug delivery in vitro and in vivo, an outlook for de novo and in silico nanocage design, and also protein-based nanocage preclinical and future clinical applications will be presented.
自然界在其奇妙之处呈现并组装出最复杂和精致的蛋白质结构，这种非凡的现象发生在生命的所有王国和门中。在这些蛋白质中，笼状多聚体蛋白质为生物过程提供空间控制，并将可能有毒或不稳定的化合物分隔开，避免它们与环境接触。基于蛋白质的纳米笼因其作为药物输送载体的潜在适用性以及其完美和复杂的对称性和理想的物理特性而受到特别关注，这激发了研究人员对这些特性进行设计、修饰或模拟。本文综述了用于治疗目的的各种现有的基于蛋白质的纳米笼，并概述了通过遗传和化学功能化实现的载药机制和生物工程策略。通过对基于蛋白质纳米笼的药物输送在体外和体内的最新进展进行批判性评估，提出了从头设计和计算机模拟纳米笼的前景，以及基于蛋白质的纳米笼的临床前和未来临床应用。
