Han Ke, Chen Shaoli, Tang Cuifei, Wen Jinjun, Li Jingquan, Ni Jindong, Zheng Xueli
a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.
b Department of Immunization Program , Dongguan Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Dongguan , China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Aug 2;12(8):2181-2187. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1159364. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
This study examined the epidemiological and serological characteristics of measles in Dongguan, China. From 2005 to 2014, a total of 8,224 measles cases were reported in Dongguan, 33.5% of which were aged <1 y and 30.6% >14 y. From 2005 to 2014, the proportion of the <1 y measles cases increased year by year from 24.3% to 47.9%. Of the cases aged ≥8 months (n = 6,768 cases), only 11.6% had been immunized with at least one dose of measles vaccine. Of the 2,213 cases who had never been immunized with measles vaccine, immigrants accounted for 82.4%. 52.4% of the measles cases were diagnosed with pneumonia, and 12 cases died from respiratory failure. Seroprevalence rate in women and their newborns was 86.0% and 82.5%, respectively. Measurement of serum measles antibody levels for infants aged less than 8 months indicated that seroprevalence rate dramatically declined from 97.3% at birth to 9.3% and 13.2% at 6- and 7- month old. The existence of a sufficient pool of unvaccinated people (especially immigrants) and decreased level of passively transferred measles antibodies in infants from vaccinated mothers contributed to the sustained transmission observed in Dongguan. In addition to high routine vaccination coverage, new strategies and innovations for measles vaccination are needed to eliminate measles.
本研究调查了中国东莞麻疹的流行病学和血清学特征。2005年至2014年,东莞共报告8224例麻疹病例,其中33.5%年龄小于1岁,30.6%年龄大于14岁。2005年至2014年,小于1岁麻疹病例的比例从24.3%逐年上升至47.9%。在年龄≥8个月的病例(n = 6768例)中,仅11.6%接种过至少一剂麻疹疫苗。在2213例从未接种过麻疹疫苗的病例中,外来人口占82.4%。52.4%的麻疹病例被诊断为肺炎,12例死于呼吸衰竭。女性及其新生儿的血清阳性率分别为86.0%和82.5%。对小于8个月婴儿血清麻疹抗体水平的检测表明,血清阳性率从出生时的97.3%急剧下降至6个月和7个月时的9.3%和13.2%。未接种疫苗人群(尤其是外来人口)数量充足以及接种疫苗母亲的婴儿被动转移的麻疹抗体水平下降,导致了东莞麻疹的持续传播。除了保持较高的常规疫苗接种覆盖率外,还需要新的麻疹疫苗接种策略和创新措施来消除麻疹。