Becker Norbert, Pfitzner Wolf Peter, Czajka Christina, Kaiser Achim, Weitzel Thomas
German Mosquito Control Association (KABS), Institute for Dipterology, Georg-Peter-Süß-Str. 3, 67346, Speyer, Germany.
Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
Parasitol Res. 2016 Jul;115(7):2671-7. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-5014-5. Epub 2016 Mar 22.
The so far known species of the Anopheles Claviger Complex, Anopheles claviger s.s. and Anopheles petragnani, can only be distinguished by partial overlapping characteristics of immature stages and by nucleotide sequence variation of the genomic ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. The known distribution of An. petragnani is so far restricted to the western Mediterranean region, whereas An. claviger s.s. occurs across most of Europe, up to the Middle East and North Africa. In our study, we investigated the larval mosquito fauna in rock pools of the Murg valley (Black Forest, Germany) once a month from April to December 2015.Among other species, larvae belonging to the Anopheles Claviger Complex were found. The fourth instar larvae were morphologically identified by chaetotaxy of the head and abdomen. The results were confirmed by a multiplex PCR and additional sequencing of the amplificates.Of the 1289 collected larvae from the rock pools, seven belonged to the Anopheles Claviger Complex. Five individuals were determined morphologically as An. petragnani and two as An. claviger s.s. The associated mosquito fauna comprised of Aedes japonicus japonicus (548 individuals), Culex pipiens s.l. and Culex torrentium (493 individuals) and Culex hortensis (241 individuals).This is the first record of An. petragnani north of the Alps. Further studies will reveal whether this is an isolated population of An. petragnani and if the investigated rock pool breeding sites represent typical habitats of this species in temperate regions in Central Europe.
迄今为止，已知的棒角按蚊复合体（Anopheles Claviger Complex）物种，即指名棒角按蚊（Anopheles claviger s.s.）和佩氏按蚊（Anopheles petragnani），只能通过未成熟阶段部分重叠的特征以及基因组核糖体DNA（rDNA）内转录间隔区2（ITS2）区域的核苷酸序列变异来区分。佩氏按蚊的已知分布目前仅限于地中海西部地区，而指名棒角按蚊分布于欧洲大部分地区，东至中东和北非。在我们的研究中，于2015年4月至12月每月一次对德国黑森林穆尔格山谷的岩池中的幼虫蚊类区系进行调查。在其他物种中，发现了属于棒角按蚊复合体的幼虫。通过头部和腹部的毛序对四龄幼虫进行形态学鉴定。通过多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）和扩增产物的额外测序对结果进行了确认。在从岩池中收集的1289只幼虫中，有7只属于棒角按蚊复合体。形态学鉴定确定5只为佩氏按蚊，2只为指名棒角按蚊。相关的蚊类区系包括日本伊蚊日本亚种（Aedes japonicus japonicus，548只个体）、尖音库蚊复合组（Culex pipiens s.l.）和溪流库蚊（Culex torrentium，493只个体）以及霍氏库蚊（Culex hortensis，241只个体）。这是阿尔卑斯山以北佩氏按蚊的首次记录。进一步的研究将揭示这是否是佩氏按蚊的一个孤立种群，以及所调查的岩池繁殖地是否代表该物种在中欧温带地区的典型栖息地。
