Swain David P, Kelleran Kyle J, Graves Melani S, Morrison Steven
1Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA; and2School of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.
J Strength Cond Res. 2016 Apr;30(4):1042-9. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001185.
Moderate-intensity walking (horizontal, WH), vigorous-intensity walking (incline, WI), and vigorous-intensity running (horizontal, R) were compared. The hypothesis is that running creates greater loading forces than walking even at the same aerobic intensity. Young adults (10 M and 10 F; age, 22.8 ± 0.5 years) performed 3 exercise trials in a counter-balanced order: walking 5.5 kph at 0% grade (WH); walking 5.5 kph at 11% (WI); and running at 8.0 kph at 0% (R). Oxygen consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2), step frequency, peak vertical ground reaction force (VGRF), and vertical force loading rate were recorded during the last 5 minutes of each trial. Results are mean ± SE. Net V[Combining Dot Above]O2 during WH (10.5 ± 0.3 ml·min·kg) was significantly less than WI (26.3 ± 0.3) and R (25.1 ± 0.7 ml·min·kg). Step frequency was significantly greater during R (163 ± 1.5 steps per minute) than both walking conditions (WH, 128 ± 1.0 steps per minute; WI, 126 ± 1.2 steps per minute). Peak VGRF was significantly greater during running (844 ± 47 N) than both walking conditions (WH, 581 ± 27 N; WI, 565 ± 28 N). Force loading rate was significantly greater with R (8,214 ± 26 N·s) than WH (6,497 ± 15 N·s ) and WI (5,699 ± 16 N·s ), with WH > WI. Vigorous-intensity walking produced no greater loading forces than moderate-intensity walking. However, running at a vigorous intensity produced substantially greater loading forces than walking of the same intensity. These findings suggest that vigorous aerobic exercise may be performed without elevated orthopedic stress, depending on the mode prescribed.
对中等强度步行（水平，WH）、高强度步行（上坡，WI）和高强度跑步（水平，R）进行了比较。假设是即使在相同的有氧强度下，跑步产生的负荷力也比步行更大。年轻成年人（10名男性和10名女性；年龄，22.8±0.5岁）以平衡的顺序进行了3次运动试验：在0%坡度下以5.5公里/小时的速度步行（WH）；在11%坡度下以5.5公里/小时的速度步行（WI）；在0%坡度下以8.0公里/小时的速度跑步（R）。在每次试验的最后5分钟记录耗氧量（V̇O₂）、步频、垂直地面反作用力峰值（VGRF）和垂直力加载率。结果为平均值±标准误。WH期间的净V̇O₂（10.5±0.3毫升·分钟·千克）显著低于WI（26.3±0.3）和R（25.1±0.7毫升·分钟·千克）。R期间的步频（每分钟163±1.5步）显著高于两种步行条件（WH，每分钟128±1.0步；WI，每分钟126±1.2步）。跑步期间的VGRF峰值（844±47牛）显著高于两种步行条件（WH，581±27牛；WI，565±28牛）。R的力加载率（8214±26牛·秒）显著高于WH（6497±15牛·秒）和WI（5699±16牛·秒），且WH>WI。高强度步行产生的负荷力并不比中等强度步行更大。然而，高强度跑步产生的负荷力比相同强度的步行要大得多。这些发现表明，根据规定的运动方式，高强度有氧运动可能在不增加骨科压力的情况下进行。
