Henrichs Darren W, Scott Paula S, Steidinger Karen A, Errera Reagan M, Abraham Ann, Campbell Lisa
Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843, USA.
Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, USA.
J Phycol. 2013 Feb;49(1):143-55. doi: 10.1111/jpy.12030. Epub 2013 Jan 11.
A new planktonic species of Prorocentrum is described from the Gulf of Mexico. First observed with the Imaging FlowCytobot, Prorocentrum texanum sp. nov. was characterized using LM, SEM, and TEM along with sequencing of the SSU, LSU, and ITS ribosomal regions and the mitochondrial cob and cox1 regions. P. texanum sp. nov. is a round to oval bivalvate dinoflagellate, with a prominent anterior, serrated solid flange on periflagellar a platelet and an opposing short, flat flange on the h platelet. The periflagellar area consists of 10 platelets. Both left and right valves have shallow round depressions and two-sized valve pores. The anterior ejectosome pore pattern differs between the left and right valve in relation to the periflagellar area and margins. Ten to eleven rows of tangential ejectosome pores are present on each valve. P. texanum sp. nov. has two varieties which exhibit distinct morphotypes, one round to oval (var. texanum) and the other pointed (var. cuspidatum). P. texanum var. cuspidatum is morphologically similar to P. micans in surface markings, but is smaller, and has a serrated periflagellar flange, and is genetically distinct from P. micans. Cytologically, P. texanum has two parietal chlo-roplasts, each with a compound, interlamellar pyrenoid, trichocysts, fibrous vesicles that resemble mucocysts, pusules, V- to U-shaped posterior nucleus, golgi, and tubular mitochondria. No genetic difference was found between the two varieties in the five genes examined. Phylogenetic analysis of the SSU, LSU, and ITS ribosomal regions place P. texanum sp. nov. as a sister group to P. micans. One isolate of P. texanum var. texanum produces okadaic acid.
一种来自墨西哥湾的原甲藻浮游新物种被描述。原甲藻德州种（Prorocentrum texanum sp. nov.）首次由成像流式细胞仪观测到，随后利用光学显微镜（LM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）进行特征分析，并对小亚基（SSU）、大亚基（LSU）和内转录间隔区（ITS）核糖体区域以及线粒体细胞色素b（cob）和细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1（cox1）区域进行测序。原甲藻德州种是一种圆形至椭圆形的双瓣甲藻，在鞭毛周围小板上有一个突出的前部锯齿状实心凸缘，在h小板上有一个相对的短而扁平的凸缘。鞭毛周围区域由10个小板组成。左右瓣膜均有浅圆形凹陷和两种大小的瓣膜孔。左右瓣膜的前部弹射体孔模式在与鞭毛周围区域和边缘的关系上有所不同。每个瓣膜上有10至11排切向弹射体孔。原甲藻德州种有两个变种，呈现出不同的形态类型，一种是圆形至椭圆形（德州变种var. texanum），另一种是尖形（尖形变种var. cuspidatum）。原甲藻德州种尖形变种在表面斑纹上与米氏原甲藻（P. micans）形态相似，但体型较小，有锯齿状的鞭毛周围凸缘，并且在基因上与米氏原甲藻不同。在细胞学上，原甲藻德州种有两个周质叶绿体，每个叶绿体都有一个复合的、片层间的淀粉核、刺丝囊、类似黏液囊的纤维囊泡、脓疱、V形至U形的后部细胞核、高尔基体和管状线粒体。在所检测的五个基因中，两个变种之间未发现遗传差异。对SSU、LSU和ITS核糖体区域的系统发育分析表明，原甲藻德州种是米氏原甲藻的姐妹群。原甲藻德州种德州变种的一个分离株产生冈田酸。
