Bachok Marine Research Station, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, 16310 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Third Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Xiamen, 361005, China.
Harmful Algae. 2019 Mar;83:95-108. doi: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.01.007. Epub 2019 Mar 15.
Thirteen isolates of Prorocentrum species were established from the coral reefs of Perhentian Islands Marine Park, Malaysia and underwent morphological observations and molecular characterization. Six species were found: P. caipirignum, P. concavum, P. cf. emarginatum, P. lima, P. mexicanum and a new morphotype, herein designated as P. malayense sp. nov. Prorocentrum malayense, a species closely related to P. leve, P. cf. foraminosum, P. sp. aff. foraminossum, and P. concavum (Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. 2018), is distinguished from its congeners as having larger thecal pore size and a more deeply excavated V-shaped periflagellar area. Platelet arrangement in the periflagellar area of P. malayense is unique, with the presence of platelet 1a and 1b, platelet 2 being the most anterior platelet, and a broad calabash-shaped platelet 3. The species exhibits consistent genetic sequence divergences for the nuclear-encoded large subunit ribosomal RNA gene (LSU rDNA) and the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2). The phylogenetic inferences further confirmed that it represents an independent lineage, closely related to species in Clade A sensu Chomérat et al. Pairwise comparison of ITS2 transcripts with its closest relatives revealed the presence of compensatory base changes (CBCs). Toxicity analysis showed detectable levels of okadaic acid in P. lima (1.0-1.6 pg cell) and P. caipirignum (3.1 pg cell); this is the first report of toxigenic P. caipirignum in the Southeast Asian region. Other Prorocentrum species tested, including the new species, however, were below the detection limit.
从马来西亚彭亨岛海洋公园的珊瑚礁中分离出 13 株原甲藻属（Prorocentrum）菌株，并进行了形态观察和分子特征分析。共发现 6 个种：P. caipirignum、P. concavum、P. cf. emarginatum、P. lima、P. mexicanum 和一个新的形态型，命名为 P. malayense sp. nov. Prorocentrum malayense 与 P. leve、P. cf. foraminosum、P. sp. aff. foraminossum 和 P. concavum（Chomérat 等人，2018 年的 A 分支）关系密切，其特征为孔口较大，偏尾鞭毛区凹陷更深。P. malayense 的偏尾鞭毛区血小板排列独特，存在血小板 1a 和 1b，血小板 2 是最前的血小板，还有一个宽阔的葫芦形血小板 3。该种的核编码核糖体大亚基 RNA 基因（LSU rDNA）和第二内部转录间隔区（ITS2）的遗传序列差异较大。系统发育推断进一步证实，它代表了一个独立的谱系，与 A 分支的物种密切相关。与最接近的亲缘种的 ITS2 转录本的成对比较显示存在补偿碱基变化（CBCs）。毒性分析显示 P. lima（1.0-1.6 pg 细胞）和 P. caipirignum（3.1 pg 细胞）中存在 okadaic 酸，这是东南亚地区首次报道产毒的 P. caipirignum。然而，其他测试的原甲藻种，包括新种，均低于检测限。
