Pneumology Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Preventive Medicine and Public Health Teaching and Research Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Intern Med. 2016 Jun;31:55-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2016.03.001. Epub 2016 Mar 21.
The relationship between environmental factors and pulmonary embolism (PE) has received little attention. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of climatological factors and air pollution levels on PE in Spain from 2001 to 2013.
We carried out a retrospective study. Data were collected from the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) and the State Meteorological Agency (AEMET) of Spain. A case-crossover analysis was applied to identify environmental risk factors related to hospitalizations and deaths. For each patient, climatic and pollutant factors were assigned using data from the meteorological station closest to his/her postal code.
A seasonal effect for PE hospital admission was observed, with more frequent admissions noted during Spain's colder seasons with peaks in autumn and winter. Lower temperatures as well as higher concentrations of NO2 and O3 at the time of admission (when 2weeks and 3weeks respectively were used as controls) were significant risk factors for hospital admissions with PE.
Pulmonary embolism epidemiology was adversely influenced by colder climatological factors (absolute temperature, and seasonality) and higher concentrations of ambient air pollution (NO2, O3).
环境因素与肺栓塞（PE）之间的关系尚未得到充分关注。本研究旨在评估 2001 年至 2013 年期间西班牙气候因素和空气污染水平对 PE 的影响。
我们进行了一项回顾性研究。数据来自西班牙最小基本数据集（MBDS）和国家气象局（AEMET）。应用病例交叉分析来确定与住院和死亡相关的环境风险因素。对于每位患者，根据其邮政编码附近的气象站的数据来分配气候和污染物因素。
PE 住院的季节性效应明显，冬季和秋季就诊人数较多。入院时的低温以及更高的 NO2 和 O3 浓度（当分别将 2 周和 3 周作为对照时）是 PE 住院的显著危险因素。
肺栓塞的流行病学受到较冷的气候因素（绝对温度和季节性）和更高的环境空气污染（NO2、O3）浓度的不利影响。
