Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Pharmaceutical Research Center and School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Life Sci. 2016 May 1;152:21-9. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.028. Epub 2016 Mar 21.
Glucosamine and its acetylated derivative, N-acetyl glucosamine, are naturally occurring amino sugars found in human body. They are important components of glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans. Scientific studies have supported that glucosamine has the beneficial pharmacological effects to relieve osteoarthritis symptoms. Glucosamine can also be as a promising candidate for the prevention and/or treatment of some other diseases due to its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Most of its function is exerted by modulation of inflammatory responses especially through Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) that can control inflammatory cytokine production and cell survival. In this review, we present a concise update on additional new therapeutic applications of glucosamine including treatment of cardiovascular disease, neurological deficits, skin disorders, cancer and the molecular mechanistic rationale for these uses. This article will also examine safety profile and adverse effects of glucosamine in human.
氨基葡萄糖及其乙酰化衍生物 N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖是人体中天然存在的氨基糖。它们是糖蛋白、蛋白聚糖和糖胺聚糖的重要组成部分。科学研究表明，氨基葡萄糖具有缓解骨关节炎症状的有益药理作用。由于其抗氧化和抗炎活性，氨基葡萄糖也可能成为预防和/或治疗某些其他疾病的有希望的候选药物。其大部分功能是通过调节炎症反应来发挥作用，特别是通过核因子-κB（NF-κB）来控制炎症细胞因子的产生和细胞存活。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了氨基葡萄糖的其他新治疗应用的最新进展，包括心血管疾病、神经功能缺损、皮肤疾病、癌症的治疗以及这些用途的分子机制。本文还将检查氨基葡萄糖在人体内的安全性概况和不良反应。
