Fernandes Valter R, Ribeiro Michelle L Scipião, Melo Thais, de Tarso Maciel-Pinheiro Paulo, Guimarães Thiago T, Araújo Narahyana B, Ribeiro Sidarta, Deslandes Andréa C
School of Sports and Physical Education, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Center for Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2016 Mar 15;7:318. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00318. eCollection 2016.
The relationship between exercise and cognition is an important topic of research that only recently began to unravel. Here, we set out to investigate the relation between motor skills, cognitive function, and school performance in 45 students from 8 to 14 years of age. We used a cross-sectional design to evaluate motor coordination (Touch Test Disc), agility (Shuttle Run Speed-running back and forth), school performance (Academic Achievement Test), the Stroop test, and six sub-tests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV). We found, that the Touch Test Disc was the best predictor of school performance (R (2) = 0.20). Significant correlations were also observed between motor coordination and several indices of cognitive function, such as the total score of the Academic Achievement Test (AAT; Spearman's rho = 0.536; p ≤ 0.001), as well as two WISC-IV sub-tests: block design (R = -0.438; p = 0.003) and cancelation (rho = -0.471; p = 0.001). All the other cognitive variables pointed in the same direction, and even correlated with agility, but did not reach statistical significance. Altogether, the data indicate that visual motor coordination and visual selective attention, but not agility, may influence academic achievement and cognitive function. The results highlight the importance of investigating the correlation between physical skills and different aspects of cognition.
运动与认知之间的关系是一个重要的研究课题，直到最近才开始被揭示。在此，我们着手调查45名8至14岁学生的运动技能、认知功能和学业成绩之间的关系。我们采用横断面设计来评估运动协调性（触摸测试盘）、敏捷性（穿梭跑速度——来回奔跑）、学业成绩（学业成就测试）、斯特鲁普测试以及韦氏儿童智力量表第四版（WISC-IV）的六个子测试。我们发现，触摸测试盘是学业成绩的最佳预测指标（R（2）=0.20）。在运动协调性与认知功能的几个指标之间也观察到显著相关性，比如学业成就测试（AAT）的总分（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数rho = 0.536；p≤0.001），以及WISC-IV的两个子测试：积木图案（R = -0.438；p = 0.003）和划消（rho = -0.471；p = 0.001）。所有其他认知变量指向同一方向，甚至与敏捷性相关，但未达到统计学显著性。总体而言，数据表明视觉运动协调性和视觉选择性注意，而非敏捷性，可能会影响学业成绩和认知功能。研究结果凸显了调查身体技能与认知不同方面之间相关性的重要性。
