Scalea Joseph R, Tomita Yusuke, Lindholm Christopher R, Burlingham William
Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Wiconsin , Madison, WI , USA.
School of Medicine, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI , USA.
Front Immunol. 2016 Mar 7;7:87. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00087. eCollection 2016.
Cell-based therapies have been studied extensively in the context of transplantation tolerance induction. The most successful protocols have relied on transfusion of bone marrow prior to the transplantation of a renal allograft. However, it is not clear that stem cells found in bone marrow are required in order to render a transplant candidate immunologically tolerant. Accordingly, mesenchymal stem cells, regulatory myeloid cells, T regulatory cells, and other cell types are being tested as possible routes to tolerance induction, in the absence of donor-derived stem cells. Early data with each of these cell types have been encouraging. However, the induction regimen capable of achieving consistent tolerance, while avoiding unwanted sided effects, and which is scalable to the human patient, has yet to be identified. Here, we present the status of investigations of various tolerogenic cell types and the mechanistic rationale for their use in tolerance induction protocols.
基于细胞的疗法在移植耐受诱导方面已得到广泛研究。最成功的方案依赖于在同种异体肾移植前输注骨髓。然而，尚不清楚骨髓中发现的干细胞是否是使移植受者产生免疫耐受所必需的。因此，在没有供体来源干细胞的情况下，间充质干细胞、调节性髓样细胞、调节性T细胞和其他细胞类型正在作为诱导耐受的可能途径进行测试。关于这些细胞类型中的每一种的早期数据都令人鼓舞。然而，能够实现持续耐受、避免不良副作用且可扩展至人类患者的诱导方案尚未确定。在此，我们介绍各种致耐受性细胞类型的研究现状及其在耐受诱导方案中应用的机制原理。
