Taylor-Clark Thomas E
Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Cell Calcium. 2016 Sep;60(3):155-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.03.007. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
The cough reflex is evoked by noxious stimuli in the airways. Although this reflex is essential for health, it can be triggered chronically in inflammatory and infectious airway disease. Neuronal transient receptor potential (TRP) channels such as ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) and vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) are polymodal receptors expressed on airway nociceptive afferent nerves. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other reactive compounds are associated with inflammation, from either NADPH oxidase or mitochondria. These reactive compounds cause activation and hyperexcitability of nociceptive afferents innervating the airways, and evidence suggests key contributions of TRPA1 and TRPV1.
咳嗽反射由气道中的有害刺激引发。尽管这种反射对健康至关重要，但在炎症性和感染性气道疾病中它可能会被慢性触发。神经元瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道，如锚蛋白1（TRPA1）和香草酸受体1（TRPV1），是表达于气道伤害性传入神经上的多模式受体。活性氧（ROS）和其他反应性化合物与来自烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADPH）氧化酶或线粒体的炎症相关。这些反应性化合物会导致支配气道的伤害性传入神经激活和兴奋性过高，并且有证据表明TRPA1和TRPV1起关键作用。
