Konstantinidis I, Tsakiropoulou E, Constantinidis J
Smell and Taste Clinic, 2nd Academic ORL Department, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Rhinology. 2016 Jun;54(2):170-5. doi: 10.4193/Rhino15.264.
There is evidence of the effectiveness of repeated exposure to odours on short-term olfactory function. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term effects of olfactory training.
We conducted a prospective study of 111 patients with post-infectious olfactory dysfunction. Two groups of patients performed olfactory training for 16 and 56 weeks, respectively, and were compared with a control group. The training was performed twice daily using four odours (phenyl ethyl alcohol, eucalyptol, citronellal, eugenol). Olfactory testing was performed by means of the Sniffin Sticks test as a baseline assessment and then every 8 weeks for 56 weeks. Subjective ratings were performed using a visual analogue scale (0-100).
Both training groups presented significantly higher scores than the controls. The long-term group had better results than the short-term group. Short-term training patients sustained their improvement within the follow-up period. Subsets analysis showed that training patients mainly increased identification and discrimination. Subjective ratings were in accordance with the olfactory test results.
Long-term olfactory training seems to be associated with better results in patients with post-infectious olfactory loss than a short-term scheme. Short-term training provides sustainable results at 56 weeks follow-up assessment.
有证据表明反复接触气味对短期嗅觉功能有效。本研究的目的是评估嗅觉训练的长期效果。
我们对111例感染后嗅觉功能障碍患者进行了一项前瞻性研究。两组患者分别进行了16周和56周的嗅觉训练，并与对照组进行比较。训练每天进行两次，使用四种气味（苯乙醇、桉叶油醇、香茅醛、丁香酚）。嗅觉测试通过嗅觉棒测试进行，作为基线评估，然后在56周内每8周进行一次。使用视觉模拟量表（0-100）进行主观评分。
两个训练组的得分均显著高于对照组。长期组的结果优于短期组。短期训练患者在随访期内保持了改善。亚组分析表明，训练患者主要提高了识别和辨别能力。主观评分与嗅觉测试结果一致。
对于感染后嗅觉丧失的患者，长期嗅觉训练似乎比短期方案产生更好的效果。短期训练在56周的随访评估中提供了可持续的结果。
