Reynolds Katharine C, Alfano Candice A
Department of Psychology, University of Houston
Department of Psychology, University of Houston.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2016 Oct;41(9):971-82. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsw014. Epub 2016 Mar 27.
Sleep problems are frequent in children and robustly predict internalizing symptoms in adolescence and adulthood. Longitudinal investigations have nonetheless used broad measures of childhood sleep problems, precluding understanding of the specific sleep problems that presage affective disturbances. Similarly, prospective examinations of mechanistic variables linking early sleep with subsequent internalizing symptoms are lacking.
Childhood bedtime and nighttime waking problems were examined as independent predictors of adolescent internalizing symptoms within a community sample from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,089). The mediational role of emotional reactivity in late childhood also was examined.
Bedtime but not nighttime waking problems significantly predicted adolescent internalizing problems. This relationship was partially explained by child emotional reactivity.
Some childhood sleep problems may more reliably predict later internalizing symptoms than others. Temperamentally based emotional reactivity may potentiate affective risk associated with childhood sleep difficulties.
睡眠问题在儿童中很常见，并且能有力地预测青少年期和成年期的内化症状。然而，纵向研究采用的是宽泛的儿童睡眠问题测量方法，无法了解预示情感障碍的具体睡眠问题。同样，缺乏对将早期睡眠与随后的内化症状联系起来的机制变量的前瞻性研究。
在美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所早期儿童保育与青少年发展研究的社区样本中（N = 1,089），将儿童就寝时间和夜间醒来问题作为青少年内化症状的独立预测因素进行研究。还考察了儿童晚期情绪反应性的中介作用。
就寝时间问题而非夜间醒来问题能显著预测青少年的内化问题。这种关系部分可由儿童情绪反应性来解释。
一些儿童睡眠问题可能比其他问题更可靠地预测后期的内化症状。基于气质的情绪反应性可能会增强与儿童睡眠困难相关的情感风险。
