Doom Jenalee R, Gunnar Megan R, Clark Cari Jo
Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota.
Departments of Public Health and Medicine, University of Minnesota.
Health Psychol. 2016 Apr;35(4):376-86. doi: 10.1037/hea0000285.
The current study investigated whether greater maternal support during adolescence is associated with lower levels of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in adulthood, and whether maternal support serves as a moderator or a mediator of the socioeconomic status (SES) and CVD risk association. In addition, potential moderators and mediators of the association between adult CVD risk and adolescent maternal support and SES were tested.
Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 11,013), we examined relations between maternal support during adolescence (M = 15.3 years) and CVD risk in young adulthood (M = 28.7 years) via path analysis. Maternal support was assessed by a composite of adolescent and mother report. CVD risk was calculated with a Framingham-based prediction model that uses age, sex, body mass index, smoking, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, and use of antihypertensive medication.
Greater maternal support in adolescence was related to lower CVD risk in young adulthood (B = -0.56, 95% CI: -0.91 to -0.20, p < .01). The interaction between adolescent SES and maternal support was not significant, (p > .05), but there was an interaction between maternal support and race such that African American adolescents were more sensitive than Whites to the effects of maternal support on CVD risk (B = -0.90, 95% CI: -1.56, -0.25, p < .01). In addition, there was no evidence that maternal support mediated the association between SES and CVD risk (p > .05), and there was no association between SES and maternal support (p > .05), adjusting for confounders. However, the relations of adolescent maternal support and SES to adult CVD risk were mediated by young adult health behaviors and financial stress but not by depressive symptoms.
Greater maternal support during adolescence appears to act independently of SES when impacting CVD risk and may operate through health behaviors and financial stress. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究调查了青少年时期母亲给予更多支持是否与成年后患心血管疾病（CVD）风险较低相关，以及母亲的支持是否在社会经济地位（SES）与CVD风险关联中起到调节或中介作用。此外，还测试了成年CVD风险与青少年时期母亲支持和SES之间关联的潜在调节因素和中介因素。
利用青少年到成人健康的全国纵向研究（n = 11,013），我们通过路径分析研究了青少年时期（平均年龄15.3岁）母亲的支持与青年期（平均年龄28.7岁）CVD风险之间的关系。母亲的支持通过青少年及其母亲报告的综合指标进行评估。CVD风险使用基于弗雷明汉的预测模型计算，该模型考虑年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟、收缩压、糖尿病和抗高血压药物的使用情况。
青少年时期母亲给予更多支持与青年期较低的CVD风险相关（B = -0.56，95%置信区间：-0.91至-0.20，p <.01）。青少年SES与母亲支持之间的交互作用不显著（p >.05），但母亲支持与种族之间存在交互作用，即非裔美国青少年比白人青少年对母亲支持对CVD风险的影响更敏感（B = -0.90，95%置信区间：-1.56，-0.25，p <.01）。此外，没有证据表明母亲的支持在SES与CVD风险之间的关联中起中介作用（p >.05），并且在调整混杂因素后，SES与母亲支持之间没有关联（p >.05）。然而，青少年时期母亲的支持和SES与成年CVD风险之间的关系是由青年期健康行为和经济压力介导的，而不是由抑郁症状介导的。
青少年时期母亲给予更多支持在影响CVD风险时似乎独立于SES起作用，并且可能通过健康行为和经济压力发挥作用。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
