Kristensen Pål, Dyregrov Kari, Dyregrov Atle, Heir Trond
Center for Crisis Psychology.
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo.
Psychol Trauma. 2016 Nov;8(6):661-667. doi: 10.1037/tra0000131. Epub 2016 Mar 28.
After terror attacks, the media coverage can be a potential secondary stressor for bereaved families. In the present study, we aimed to examine the level of prolonged grief (PG), and to explore the association between media exposure and PG in parents and siblings of individuals who were killed in a terror attack.
Parents and siblings (n = 103) from 42 different families bereaved by the 2011 Utøya Island mass shooting participated in a survey 18 months after the attack. The survey measured the amount of media exposure experienced by the bereaved during the first month after the attack. PG was self-reported using the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG). Data was analyzed with multilevel methods with mixed effects models.
Of the total sample of participants, 78.6% (n = 81/103) had sum scores higher than the designated cutoff >25 on ICG, indicating a probable prolonged grief disorder (PGD). Multilevel analysis showed significantly higher level of PG among those who reported high exposure to the media coverage (>4 hours daily) the first month after the attack, among females, and among those who were in contact with their son/daughter/brother/sister by telephone during the attack.
With the cross-sectional design, caution should be taken about making interpretations about causal effects.
Media exposure may trigger or maintain prolonged grief reactions. (PsycINFO Database Record
恐怖袭击发生后，媒体报道可能成为遇难者家属潜在的继发性应激源。在本研究中，我们旨在调查持续性悲伤（PG）的程度，并探讨恐怖袭击遇难者的父母和兄弟姐妹接触媒体与持续性悲伤之间的关联。
2011年于特岛枪击案中痛失亲人的42个不同家庭的父母和兄弟姐妹（n = 103）在袭击发生18个月后参与了一项调查。该调查测量了遇难者在袭击后第一个月接触媒体的时长。使用复杂悲伤量表（ICG）进行持续性悲伤的自我报告。采用混合效应模型的多水平方法对数据进行分析。
在参与研究的总样本中，78.6%（n = 81/103）的ICG总分高于指定临界值>25，表明可能患有持续性悲伤障碍（PGD）。多水平分析显示，在袭击后第一个月报告接触媒体时间较长（每天>4小时）的人群中、女性中以及在袭击期间通过电话与儿子/女儿/兄弟/姐妹保持联系的人群中，持续性悲伤水平显著更高。
鉴于采用的是横断面设计，在对因果效应进行解释时应谨慎。
接触媒体可能引发或维持持续性悲伤反应。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》 ）
