Navarro Rosenblatt Deborah, Durán Agüero Samuel
Programa de Doctorado Salud Pública. Escuela de Salud Pública Universidad de Chile. Chile.
Nutr Hosp. 2016 Feb 16;33(1):105-10. doi: 10.20960/nh.37.
Gallbladder cancer is the most malign neoplasm of the biliary tract. Chile presents the third highest prevalence of gallbladder cancer in the Americas, being Chilean women from the city of Valdivia the ones with the highest prevalence. The main risk factors associated with gallbladder cancer are: sex, cholelithiasis, obesity, ethnicity, chronic inflammation, history of infection diseases such as Helicobacter pyloriand Salmonellaand family history of gallbladder cancer. In Chile gallbladder cancer mortality is close to prevalence level. This is related to the silent symptomatology of this cancer, as well as the lack of specific symptoms. The high prevalence of obesity and infectious diseases present in Chile are two of the main risk factors of gallbladder cancer and Chile has prevalence of obesity close to 30%. The aim of this literary review is to inform and summarize the main risk factors of gallbladder cancer that are prevalent in Chile, in order to be able to focus preventive and management interventions of this risk factor for the reduction in prevalence and mortality of gallbladder cancer in Chile.
胆囊癌是胆道最恶性的肿瘤。智利是美洲胆囊癌患病率第三高的国家，瓦尔迪维亚市的智利女性患病率最高。与胆囊癌相关的主要危险因素有：性别、胆石症、肥胖、种族、慢性炎症、幽门螺杆菌和沙门氏菌等传染病史以及胆囊癌家族史。在智利，胆囊癌死亡率接近患病率水平。这与该癌症的隐匿症状以及缺乏特异性症状有关。智利肥胖和传染病的高患病率是胆囊癌的两个主要危险因素，且智利肥胖患病率接近30%。本文献综述的目的是告知并总结智利普遍存在的胆囊癌主要危险因素，以便能够针对该危险因素集中开展预防和管理干预措施，从而降低智利胆囊癌的患病率和死亡率。
