Gong Jun, Sachdev Esha, Mita Alain C, Mita Monica M
Jun Gong, Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, United States.
World J Methodol. 2016 Mar 26;6(1):25-42. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v6.i1.25.
Reovirus is a double-stranded RNA virus with demonstrated oncolysis or preferential replication in cancer cells. The oncolytic properties of reovirus appear to be dependent, in part, on activated Ras signaling. In addition, Ras-transformation promotes reovirus oncolysis by affecting several steps of the viral life cycle. Reovirus-mediated immune responses can present barriers to tumor targeting, serve protective functions against reovirus systemic toxicity, and contribute to therapeutic efficacy through antitumor immune-mediated effects via innate and adaptive responses. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the broad anticancer activity of wild-type, unmodified type 3 Dearing strain reovirus (Reolysin(®)) across a spectrum of malignancies. The development of reovirus as an anticancer agent and available clinical data reported from 22 clinical trials will be reviewed.
呼肠孤病毒是一种双链RNA病毒，已证明其具有溶瘤作用或在癌细胞中优先复制。呼肠孤病毒的溶瘤特性似乎部分取决于激活的Ras信号传导。此外，Ras转化通过影响病毒生命周期的几个步骤来促进呼肠孤病毒的溶瘤作用。呼肠孤病毒介导的免疫反应可能会对肿瘤靶向形成障碍，对呼肠孤病毒的全身毒性起到保护作用，并通过先天和适应性反应介导的抗肿瘤免疫效应促进治疗效果。临床前研究已证明野生型、未修饰的3型Dearing株呼肠孤病毒（Reolysin®）在一系列恶性肿瘤中具有广泛的抗癌活性。本文将综述呼肠孤病毒作为抗癌药物的研发情况以及22项临床试验报告的现有临床数据。
