Yang Wujuan, Wang Changyou, Chen Chunhuan, Wang Yajuan, Zhang Hong, Liu Xinlun, Ji Wanquan
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Genome. 2016 Apr;59(4):277-88. doi: 10.1139/gen-2015-0129. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
Alien addition lines are important for transferring useful genes from alien species into common wheat. Rye is an important and valuable gene resource for improving wheat disease resistance, yield, and environment adaptation. A new wheat-rye addition line, N9436B, was developed from the progeny of the cross of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42, AABBDD) cultivar Shaanmai 611 and rye (Secale cereal L., 2n = 2x = 14, RR) accession Austrian rye. We characterized this new line by cytology, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), molecular markers, and disease resistance screening. N9436B was stable in morphology and cytology, with a chromosome composition of 2n = 42 + 2t = 22II. GISH investigations showed that this line contained two rye chromosomes. GISH, FISH, and molecular maker identification suggested that the introduced R chromosome and the missing wheat chromosome arms were 1R chromosome and 2DL chromosome arm, respectively. N9436B exhibited 30-37 spikelets per spike and a high level of resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, Bgt) isolate E09 at the seedling stage. N9436B was cytologically stable, had the trait of multiple spikelets, and was resistant to powdery mildew; this line should thus be useful in wheat improvement.
异附加系对于将外源物种的有用基因导入普通小麦非常重要。黑麦是改良小麦抗病性、产量和环境适应性的重要且有价值的基因资源。一个新的小麦-黑麦附加系N9436B是由普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.，2n = 6x = 42，AABBDD）品种陕麦611与黑麦（Secale cereal L.，2n = 2x = 14，RR）种质奥地利黑麦杂交后代培育而成。我们通过细胞学、基因组原位杂交（GISH）、荧光原位杂交（FISH）、分子标记和抗病性筛选对这个新系进行了鉴定。N9436B在形态和细胞学上表现稳定，染色体组成为2n = 42 + 2t = 22II。GISH分析表明该系含有两条黑麦染色体。GISH、FISH和分子标记鉴定表明，导入的R染色体和缺失的小麦染色体臂分别是1R染色体和2DL染色体臂。N9436B每个穗有30 - 37个小穗，在苗期对白粉菌（Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici，Bgt）分离株E09表现出高抗水平。N9436B细胞学稳定，具有多小穗性状，对白粉病具有抗性；因此该系在小麦改良中应具有利用价值。
