Huang Mu-Jie, Kapral Raymond
Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, M5S 3H6, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Eur Phys J E Soft Matter. 2016 Mar;39(3):36. doi: 10.1140/epje/i2016-16036-3. Epub 2016 Mar 28.
A variety of uses has been proposed for synthetic chemically powered nanomotors that exploit their autonomous directed motion. The collective dynamics of these and other active particles display features that differ from their equilibrium analogs. We investigate the collective dynamics of chemically powered diffusiophoretic motors attached to a filament. Rotational Brownian motion is reduced substantially when a motor is attached to a filament and this improves motor performance. When many motors are attached to the filament, structural and dynamical correlations that may extend over long distances arise. While some features of these correlations are due to packing on the filament, there are nonequilibrium effects that are due to the local concentration gradients of reactive species produced by all motors. As the motor density on the filament increases beyond a critical value, the average motor velocity projected along motor internuclear axis switches from forward to backward directions. Knowledge of the collective dynamics of motors on filaments should prove useful when designing ensembles of synthetic motors to perform tasks such as cargo transport involving delivery of material to specific regions in complex media.
人们已经提出了合成化学驱动纳米马达的多种用途，这些用途利用了它们的自主定向运动。这些以及其他活性粒子的集体动力学表现出与它们的平衡类似物不同的特征。我们研究了附着在细丝上的化学驱动扩散泳动马达的集体动力学。当马达附着在细丝上时，旋转布朗运动会显著降低，这提高了马达性能。当许多马达附着在细丝上时，可能会出现延伸到很长距离的结构和动力学相关性。虽然这些相关性的一些特征是由于细丝上的堆积，但也存在非平衡效应，这是由于所有马达产生的反应性物种的局部浓度梯度所致。当细丝上的马达密度增加超过临界值时，沿马达核间轴投影的平均马达速度会从前向切换到后向。在设计合成马达集合以执行诸如货物运输（涉及将材料输送到复杂介质中的特定区域）等任务时，了解细丝上马达的集体动力学应该会被证明是有用的。
