Marsh Kevin, IJzerman Maarten, Thokala Praveen, Baltussen Rob, Boysen Meindert, Kaló Zoltán, Lönngren Thomas, Mussen Filip, Peacock Stuart, Watkins John, Devlin Nancy
Evidera, London, UK.
Department of Health Technology & Services Research, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands.
Value Health. 2016 Mar-Apr;19(2):125-37. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.12.016. Epub 2016 Mar 7.
Health care decisions are complex and involve confronting trade-offs between multiple, often conflicting objectives. Using structured, explicit approaches to decisions involving multiple criteria can improve the quality of decision making. A set of techniques, known under the collective heading, multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA), are useful for this purpose. In 2014, ISPOR established an Emerging Good Practices Task Force. The task force's first report defined MCDA, provided examples of its use in health care, described the key steps, and provided an overview of the principal methods of MCDA. This second task force report provides emerging good-practice guidance on the implementation of MCDA to support health care decisions. The report includes: a checklist to support the design, implementation and review of an MCDA; guidance to support the implementation of the checklist; the order in which the steps should be implemented; illustrates how to incorporate budget constraints into an MCDA; provides an overview of the skills and resources, including available software, required to implement MCDA; and future research directions.
医疗保健决策十分复杂，需要在多个往往相互冲突的目标之间进行权衡。采用结构化、明确的方法来处理涉及多个标准的决策，能够提高决策质量。一组统称为多标准决策分析（MCDA）的技术可用于此目的。2014年，药物经济学与结果研究国际协会（ISPOR）成立了一个新兴良好实践特别工作组。该特别工作组的第一份报告对MCDA进行了定义，列举了其在医疗保健领域的应用实例，描述了关键步骤，并概述了MCDA的主要方法。这份特别工作组的第二份报告提供了关于实施MCDA以支持医疗保健决策的新兴良好实践指南。该报告包括：一份支持MCDA设计、实施和审查的清单；支持清单实施的指南；步骤实施的顺序；说明如何将预算限制纳入MCDA；概述实施MCDA所需的技能和资源，包括可用软件；以及未来的研究方向。
