Musvuugwa Tendai, de Beer Z Wilhelm, Duong Tuan A, Dreyer Léanne L, Oberlander Kenneth, Roets Francois
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2016 Jun;109(6):877-94. doi: 10.1007/s10482-016-0687-4. Epub 2016 Mar 29.
Rapanea melanophloeos, an important canopy tree in Afromontane forests, is commonly utilised for medicinal bark harvesting. Wounds created from these activities provide entrance for many fungi, including arthropod-associated members of the Ophiostomatales and Microascales (ophiostomatoid fungi). In this study we assessed the diversity of wound-associated Ophiostomatales on storm-damaged R. melanophloeos trees in the Afromontane forests of South Africa. Five species were identified based on micro-morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. These included Ophiostoma stenoceras and four newly described taxa Sporothrix itsvo sp. nov., S. rapaneae sp. nov., S. uta sp. nov. and O. noisomeae sp. nov. Four of these are members of the S. schenckii-O. stenoceras complex (O. stenoceras, S. itsvo sp. nov., S. rapaneae sp. nov., S. uta sp. nov.) while O. noisomeae groups basal in the Ophiostomatales alongside the S. lignivora complex and Graphilbum. In addition to other taxa known from this host, the present study shows that there is a rich, yet still poorly explored, diversity of Ophiostomatales associated with R. melanophloeos in Afromontane forests. More taxa are likely to be discovered with increased research effort. These must be assessed in terms of pathogenicity towards this ecologically and economically important tree.
黑鳞蒲桃（Rapanea melanophloeos）是非洲山地森林中的一种重要的冠层树木，其树皮常被用于药用采集。这些活动造成的伤口为许多真菌提供了入口，包括长喙壳目和小囊菌目（长喙壳类真菌）中与节肢动物相关的成员。在本研究中，我们评估了南非非洲山地森林中遭受风暴破坏的黑鳞蒲桃树上与伤口相关的长喙壳目的多样性。基于微观形态学和分子系统发育分析，鉴定出了五个物种。其中包括窄角长喙壳菌（Ophiostoma stenoceras）和四个新描述的分类单元，即伊茨沃斯孢子丝菌（Sporothrix itsvo sp. nov.）、黑鳞蒲桃孢子丝菌（S. rapaneae sp. nov.）、乌塔孢子丝菌（S. uta sp. nov.）和诺伊索姆长喙壳菌（O. noisomeae sp. nov.）。其中四个是申克孢子丝菌 - 窄角长喙壳菌复合体（窄角长喙壳菌、伊茨沃斯孢子丝菌、黑鳞蒲桃孢子丝菌、乌塔孢子丝菌）的成员，而诺伊索姆长喙壳菌与木食孢子丝菌复合体和 Graphilbum 在长喙壳目中处于基部类群。除了已知寄生于该宿主的其他分类单元外，本研究表明，在非洲山地森林中，与黑鳞蒲桃相关的长喙壳目具有丰富但仍未得到充分探索的多样性。随着研究力度的增加，可能会发现更多的分类单元。必须对这些分类单元对这种具有生态和经济重要性的树木的致病性进行评估。
