Jabłońska-Trypuć Agata, Matejczyk Marzena, Rosochacki Stanisław
a Department of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology , Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology , Białystok , Poland.
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2016;31(sup1):177-183. doi: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1161620. Epub 2016 Mar 30.
The main group of enzymes responsible for the collagen and other protein degradation in extracellular matrix (ECM) are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Collagen is the main structural component of connective tissue and its degradation is a very important process in the development, morphogenesis, tissue remodeling, and repair. Typical structure of MMPs consists of several distinct domains. MMP family can be divided into six groups: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, matrilysins, membrane-type MMPs, and other non-classified MMPs. MMPs and their inhibitors have multiple biological functions in all stages of cancer development: from initiation to outgrowth of clinically relevant metastases and likewise in apoptosis and angiogenesis. MMPs and their inhibitors are extensively examined as potential anticancer drugs. MMP inhibitors can be divided into two main groups: synthetic and natural inhibitors. Selected synthetic inhibitors are in clinical trials on humans, e.g. synthetic peptides, non-peptidic molecules, chemically modified tetracyclines, and bisphosphonates. Natural MMP inhibitors are mainly isoflavonoids and shark cartilage.
负责细胞外基质（ECM）中胶原蛋白和其他蛋白质降解的主要酶类是基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）。胶原蛋白是结缔组织的主要结构成分，其降解在发育、形态发生、组织重塑和修复过程中是一个非常重要的过程。MMPs的典型结构由几个不同的结构域组成。MMP家族可分为六组：胶原酶、明胶酶、基质溶解素、基质溶素、膜型MMPs和其他未分类的MMPs。MMPs及其抑制剂在癌症发展的各个阶段都具有多种生物学功能：从临床相关转移灶的起始到生长，同样在细胞凋亡和血管生成中也发挥作用。MMPs及其抑制剂作为潜在的抗癌药物受到广泛研究。MMP抑制剂可分为两大类：合成抑制剂和天然抑制剂。选定的合成抑制剂正在进行人体临床试验，例如合成肽、非肽类分子、化学修饰的四环素和双膦酸盐。天然MMP抑制剂主要是异黄酮类和鲨鱼软骨。
