McCaughan Geoffrey W, Munn Stephen R
Australian National Liver Transplantation Unit.
AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
Liver Transpl. 2016 Jun;22(6):830-8. doi: 10.1002/lt.24446.
Liver transplantation (LT) in Australia and New Zealand began in 1985. Over this time until December 2014, LT took place in 3700 adults and 800 children. LT is regulated with 1 unit, supported by the government, per state or region. Currently approximately 270 transplants take place per year. Organ donation rates are moderate in Australia (17 per 1 million of population) but very low in New Zealand (11 per 1 million of population). All the units share organ donors for fulminant hepatic failure cases (status 1). Recipient listing criteria and organ allocation criteria are commonly agreed to via National and Trans-Tasman agreements, which are published online. Current survival rates indicate approximately 94% 1-year survival with median survival in adults of approximately 20 years, whereas 75% of children are alive at 20 years. All units collaborate in research projects via the Australia and New Zealand Liver Transplant Registry and have published highly cited articles particularly on the prevention of hepatitis B virus recurrence. Outcomes for indigenous populations have also been analyzed. In conclusion, LT in Australia and New Zealand is well developed with transparent processes related to criteria for listing and organ allocation together with publication of outcomes. Liver Transplantation 22 830-838 2016 AASLD.
澳大利亚和新西兰的肝移植始于1985年。截至2014年12月，这段时间内有3700名成人和800名儿童接受了肝移植。肝移植由每个州或地区的一个政府支持单位进行管理。目前每年大约进行270例移植手术。澳大利亚的器官捐赠率适中（每百万人口中有17例），但新西兰的器官捐赠率非常低（每百万人口中有11例）。所有单位都为暴发性肝衰竭病例（1级）共享器官捐赠者。受体登记标准和器官分配标准通常通过在网上公布的国家和跨塔斯曼协议达成共识。目前的生存率显示，1年生存率约为94%，成人的中位生存期约为20年，而20岁时75%的儿童仍然存活。所有单位通过澳大利亚和新西兰肝移植登记处合作开展研究项目，并发表了被大量引用的文章，特别是关于预防乙型肝炎病毒复发的文章。也对原住民的治疗结果进行了分析。总之，澳大利亚和新西兰的肝移植发展良好，与登记标准和器官分配标准相关的流程透明，同时公布了治疗结果。《肝脏移植》2016年第22卷，第830 - 838页，美国肝病研究学会
