Ferguson K J, Yesalis C E, Pomrehn P R, Kirkpatrick M B
Dept. of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
J Sch Health. 1989 Mar;59(3):112-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1989.tb04675.x.
Physical education programs represent an important gateway for encouraging young people to develop life-long exercise habits. In this study of middle school students (N = 603), attitudes toward physical education, knowledge about the benefits of exercise, and beliefs about one's abilities were assessed to determine their influence on exercise intent and current exercise behavior. As predicted, perceived benefits of exercise, current exercise behavior, attitudes toward physical education, self-esteem, and gender contributed significantly and independently to exercise intent (total variance explained = 37%). Exercise intent, outside sports activities, perceived benefits of exercise, gender, and attitudes toward physical education contributed significantly and independently to current exercise behavior (total variance explained = 27%). Programs that make attending physical education a pleasant experience and that explain specific benefits of exercise can influence exercise intent and can enhance students' sense of self-esteem, both of which may increase future exercise behavior.
体育课程是鼓励年轻人养成终身锻炼习惯的重要途径。在这项针对中学生（N = 603）的研究中，评估了他们对体育教育的态度、对锻炼益处的了解以及对自身能力的信念，以确定这些因素对锻炼意愿和当前锻炼行为的影响。正如预测的那样，锻炼的感知益处、当前锻炼行为、对体育教育的态度、自尊和性别对锻炼意愿有显著且独立的贡献（解释的总方差 = 37%）。锻炼意愿、校外体育活动、锻炼的感知益处、性别和对体育教育的态度对当前锻炼行为有显著且独立的贡献（解释的总方差 = 27%）。使参加体育课程成为愉快体验并解释锻炼具体益处的项目可以影响锻炼意愿，并能增强学生的自尊感，这两者都可能增加未来的锻炼行为。
