Bore Miles, Kelly Brian, Nair Balakrishnan
School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Adv Med Educ Pract. 2016 Mar 2;7:125-35. doi: 10.2147/AMEP.S96802. eCollection 2016.
Research has consistently found that the proportion of medical students who experience high levels of psychological distress is significantly greater than that found in the general population. The aim of our research was to assess the levels of psychological distress more extensively than has been done before, and to determine likely predictors of distress and well-being.
In 2013, students from an Australian undergraduate medical school (n=127) completed a questionnaire that recorded general demographics, hours per week spent studying, in paid work, volunteer work, and physical exercise; past and current physical and mental health, social support, substance use, measures of psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, depression, anxiety, stress, burnout); and personality traits.
Females were found to have higher levels of psychological distress than males. However, in regression analysis, the effect of sex was reduced to nonsignificance when other variables were included as predictors of psychological distress. The most consistent significant predictors of our 20 indicators of psychological distress were social support and the personality traits of emotional resilience and self-control.
The findings suggest that emotional resilience skills training embedded into the medical school curriculum could reduce psychological distress among medical students.
研究一直发现，经历高水平心理困扰的医学生比例显著高于普通人群。我们研究的目的是比以往更广泛地评估心理困扰水平，并确定困扰和幸福感的可能预测因素。
2013年，澳大利亚一所本科医学院的学生（n = 127）完成了一份问卷，该问卷记录了一般人口统计学信息、每周用于学习、有偿工作、志愿工作和体育锻炼的时间；过去和当前的身心健康状况、社会支持、物质使用情况、心理困扰测量指标（凯斯勒心理困扰量表、抑郁、焦虑、压力、倦怠）以及人格特质。
发现女性的心理困扰水平高于男性。然而，在回归分析中，当纳入其他变量作为心理困扰的预测因素时，性别影响降至不显著。我们的20项心理困扰指标中，最一致的显著预测因素是社会支持以及情绪恢复力和自我控制的人格特质。
研究结果表明，将情绪恢复力技能培训纳入医学院课程可以减少医学生的心理困扰。
