Bhardwaj Devendra, Kumar Rajesh, Bahurupi Yogesh
College of Nursing, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2024 Dec;13(12):5745-5751. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1030_24. Epub 2024 Dec 9.
The imposter phenomenon (IP) involves feelings of intellectual fraudulence and phoniness in challenging new roles. IP feelings are associated with low self-esteem and anxiety in nursing students, especially during transition or early stages of nursing training. This research aims to find out the prevalence of IP and its relation with self-esteem and anxiety among nursing undergraduates.
A cross-sectional survey randomly selected nursing students from the six established nursing institutions in Uttarakhand state. Three hundred eight (n = 308) participants completed the survey questionnaires, which included a structured socio-demographic sheet, the Clance Imposter Phenomenon Scale (CIPS), the Generalized Anxiety Scale-7 (GAS-7), and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were used to generate the results.
The mean age of the students was 20.93 (SD = 1.09) years. The mean CIPS score was 58.57 (SD = 10.69). Frequent to intense feelings of impostorism were reported by 43.4%, and 51.3% reported at least moderate IP feelings. Further, second-year students than third year, on average, significantly reported higher scores on imposter phenomenon ( < 0.001), anxiety ( = 0.006), and lower scores on self-esteem ( = 0.018). As predicted, CIPS scores correlated positively with GAS-7 (r = -.340, < 0.01) and negatively with RSES (r = -.307, < 0.01). A multiple regression model predicting the imposter phenomenon with self-esteem demonstrated a negative main effect of self-esteem ( < 0.001) and significant two-way interaction.
A higher proportion of the students reported feelings of imposter phenomenon. Low self-esteem was reported as a strong predictor of IP. Institutional strategies such as mentorship, supervised education, and early screening of psychological issues could be preventive and promotive strategies. Future research is recommended to identify the cause of poor IP in students.
冒名顶替现象（IP）涉及在应对具有挑战性的新角色时产生的智力欺诈和虚假感。IP感受与护理专业学生的低自尊和焦虑有关，尤其是在护理培训的过渡阶段或早期。本研究旨在了解护理本科生中IP的患病率及其与自尊和焦虑的关系。
一项横断面调查从北阿坎德邦的六所既定护理机构中随机选取护理专业学生。308名参与者完成了调查问卷，其中包括一份结构化的社会人口学表格、克兰斯冒名顶替现象量表（CIPS）、广泛性焦虑量表-7（GAS-7）和罗森伯格自尊量表（RSES）。使用适当的描述性和推断性统计来得出结果。
学生的平均年龄为20.93岁（标准差=1.09）。CIPS平均得分为58.57（标准差=10.69）。43.4%的人报告有频繁到强烈的冒名顶替感，51.3%的人报告至少有中度的IP感受。此外，平均而言，二年级学生在冒名顶替现象（<0.001）、焦虑（=0.006）方面的得分显著高于三年级学生，而在自尊方面的得分（=0.018）则较低。如预期的那样，CIPS得分与GAS-7呈正相关（r=-0.340，<0.01），与RSES呈负相关（r=-0.307，<0.01）。一个用自尊预测冒名顶替现象的多元回归模型显示出自尊的负主效应（<0.001）和显著的双向交互作用。
较高比例的学生报告有冒名顶替现象的感受。低自尊被报告为IP的一个强有力的预测因素。诸如指导、监督教育和早期心理问题筛查等机构策略可能是预防和促进策略。建议未来的研究确定学生中IP较差的原因。
