Fierman Arthur H, Beck Andrew F, Chung Esther K, Tschudy Megan M, Coker Tumaini R, Mistry Kamila B, Siegel Benjamin, Chamberlain Lisa J, Conroy Kathleen, Federico Steven G, Flanagan Patricia J, Garg Arvin, Gitterman Benjamin A, Grace Aimee M, Gross Rachel S, Hole Michael K, Klass Perri, Kraft Colleen, Kuo Alice, Lewis Gena, Lobach Katherine S, Long Dayna, Ma Christine T, Messito Mary, Navsaria Dipesh, Northrip Kimberley R, Osman Cynthia, Sadof Matthew D, Schickedanz Adam B, Cox Joanne
Department of Pediatrics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY.
Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH.
Acad Pediatr. 2016 Apr;16(3 Suppl):S136-46. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2016.01.004.
Child poverty in the United States is widespread and has serious negative effects on the health and well-being of children throughout their life course. Child health providers are considering ways to redesign their practices in order to mitigate the negative effects of poverty on children and support the efforts of families to lift themselves out of poverty. To do so, practices need to adopt effective methods to identify poverty-related social determinants of health and provide effective interventions to address them. Identification of needs can be accomplished with a variety of established screening tools. Interventions may include resource directories, best maintained in collaboration with local/regional public health, community, and/or professional organizations; programs embedded in the practice (eg, Reach Out and Read, Healthy Steps for Young Children, Medical-Legal Partnership, Health Leads); and collaboration with home visiting programs. Changes to health care financing are needed to support the delivery of these enhanced services, and active advocacy by child health providers continues to be important in effecting change. We highlight the ongoing work of the Health Care Delivery Subcommittee of the Academic Pediatric Association Task Force on Child Poverty in defining the ways in which child health care practice can be adapted to improve the approach to addressing child poverty.
美国的儿童贫困现象普遍存在，对儿童一生的健康和幸福都会产生严重的负面影响。儿童健康服务提供者正在考虑重新设计他们的业务，以减轻贫困对儿童的负面影响，并支持家庭摆脱贫困的努力。为此，业务需要采用有效的方法来识别与贫困相关的健康社会决定因素，并提供有效的干预措施来解决这些问题。需求识别可以通过各种既定的筛查工具来完成。干预措施可能包括资源目录，最好与地方/区域公共卫生、社区和/或专业组织合作维护；业务中嵌入的项目（例如，“伸出援手阅读”、“幼儿健康起步”、“医疗-法律伙伴关系”、“健康引领”）；以及与家访项目的合作。需要对医疗保健融资进行变革，以支持提供这些强化服务，儿童健康服务提供者积极倡导对于推动变革仍然至关重要。我们强调学术儿科学会儿童贫困问题特别工作组医疗保健提供小组委员会正在进行的工作，该工作旨在确定儿童保健业务可以如何调整，以改进应对儿童贫困的方法。
