Blair Clancy, Raver C Cybele
Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY.
Department of Applied Psychology, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education and Human Development, New York University, New York, NY.
Acad Pediatr. 2016 Apr;16(3 Suppl):S30-6. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2016.01.010.
We review some of the growing evidence of the costs of poverty to children's neuroendocrine function, early brain development, and cognitive ability. We underscore the importance of addressing the negative consequences of poverty-related adversity early in children's lives, given evidence supporting the plasticity of executive functions and associated physiologic processes in response to early intervention and the importance of higher order cognitive functions for success in school and in life. Finally, we highlight some new directions for prevention and intervention that are rapidly emerging at the intersection of developmental science, pediatrics, child psychology and psychiatry, and public policy.
我们回顾了一些越来越多的证据，这些证据表明贫困对儿童神经内分泌功能、早期大脑发育和认知能力的影响。鉴于有证据支持执行功能及相关生理过程在应对早期干预时具有可塑性，以及高阶认知功能对学业和生活成功的重要性，我们强调在儿童生命早期应对贫困相关逆境的负面影响的重要性。最后，我们着重介绍了一些预防和干预的新方向，这些方向正在发育科学、儿科学、儿童心理学与精神病学以及公共政策的交叉领域迅速兴起。
