Neiva D S, Melo Júnior A F, Oliveira D A, Royo V A, Brandão M M, Menezes E V
Laboratório de Bioprospecção e Recursos Genéticos, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Campus Universitário Professor Darcy Ribeiro, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2016 Mar 24;15(1):gmr7785. doi: 10.4238/gmr.15017785.
Acrocomia emensis, popularly known as the creeping tucum, belongs to the family Arecaceae, and is an oilseed specie of the Brazilian Savannah. The expansion of agricultural activity has rapidly destroyed its natural habitat, leading to a decrease in its population size. Genetic studies can be used to investigate the genetic variability, and may assist with the charting future conservation strategies. In this study the genetic diversity and structure of 150 individuals sampled in three locations in Minas Gerais were analysed, based on the transferability of six microsatellite markers, previously developed for A. aculeata. The results indicate that the populations studied have low levels of genetic variability (Ho = 0.148) and high, positive and significant inbreeding coefficient, indicating an excess of homozygotes. The average heterozygosity within the population (Hs = 0.700) accounted for 95.03% of the total genetic diversity, indicating that there is greater variability within population than between them, consistent with low genetic differentiation between population (GST = 0.046). Bayesian analysis identified three distinct groups; however, populations shared large numbers of alleles, which can be explained by the reduced distance between populations. These results reveal the need to implement genetic conservation programs for the maintenance of this species and to prioritize population from Bonito and Brasília, which showed the lowest values of genetic diversity.
伊氏桄椤，俗称匍匐图库姆棕榈，属于棕榈科，是巴西稀树草原的一种油料作物。农业活动的扩张迅速破坏了其天然栖息地，导致其种群数量减少。遗传研究可用于调查遗传变异性，并有助于制定未来的保护策略。在本研究中，基于先前为尖刺桄椤开发的六个微卫星标记的可转移性，分析了在米纳斯吉拉斯州三个地点采集的150个个体的遗传多样性和结构。结果表明，所研究的种群遗传变异性水平较低（观测杂合度=0.148），近亲繁殖系数高、呈正且显著，表明纯合子过多。种群内的平均杂合度（Hs=0.700）占总遗传多样性的95.03%，表明种群内的变异性大于种群间的变异性，这与种群间较低的遗传分化（GST=0.046）一致。贝叶斯分析确定了三个不同的群体；然而，种群共享大量等位基因，这可以用种群间距离缩短来解释。这些结果表明需要实施遗传保护计划以维持该物种，并优先保护博尼图和巴西利亚的种群，因为它们的遗传多样性值最低。
