Sougoufara S, Harry M, Doucouré S, Sembène P M, Sokhna C
Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6236, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) 198, Aix Marseille Université, Campus Universitaire IRD de Hann, Dakar, Senegal.
Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar Fann, Senegal.
Med Vet Entomol. 2016 Sep;30(3):365-8. doi: 10.1111/mve.12171. Epub 2016 Apr 5.
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are the cornerstones of malaria vector control. However, the effectiveness of these control tools depends on vector ecology and behaviour, which also largely determine the efficacy of certain Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) as vectors. Malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa are primarily species of the Anopheles gambiae complex, which present intraspecific differences in behaviour that affect how they respond to vector control tools. The focus of this study is the change in species composition in the An. gambiae complex after the implementation of LLINs in Dielmo, Senegal. The main findings referred to dramatic decreases in the proportions of Anopheles coluzzii and An. gambiae after the introduction of LLINs, and an increase in the proportion of Anopheles arabiensis. Two years after LLINs were first introduced, An. arabiensis remained the most prevalent species and An. gambiae had begun to rebound. This indicated a need to develop additional vector control tools that can target the full range of malaria vectors.
长效驱虫蚊帐（LLINs）和室内滞留喷洒（IRS）是疟疾媒介控制的基石。然而，这些控制工具的有效性取决于媒介生态学和行为，这在很大程度上也决定了某些按蚊（双翅目：蚊科）作为媒介的效能。撒哈拉以南非洲的疟疾媒介主要是冈比亚按蚊复合体的物种，它们在行为上存在种内差异，这会影响它们对媒介控制工具的反应方式。本研究的重点是在塞内加尔的迪耶尔莫实施长效驱虫蚊帐后，冈比亚按蚊复合体的物种组成变化。主要研究结果表明，引入长效驱虫蚊帐后，科氏按蚊和冈比亚按蚊的比例大幅下降，而阿拉伯按蚊的比例上升。首次引入长效驱虫蚊帐两年后，阿拉伯按蚊仍然是最普遍的物种，冈比亚按蚊的数量开始反弹。这表明需要开发额外的媒介控制工具，以针对所有疟疾媒介。
