Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;
Food Nutr Res. 2016 Apr 7;60:30864. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.30864. eCollection 2016.
Liver diseases, the fifth most common cause of global death, can be metabolic, toxin-induced, or infective. Though approximately 35 Saudi medicinal plants are traditionally used to treat liver disorders, the hepatoprotective potential of Aerva javanica has not been explored.
To investigate the antioxidative and hepatoprotective effect of Aerva javanica.
Total ethanol extract of A. javanica aerial parts was prepared and tested on DCFH-toxicated HepG2 cells ex vivo, and in CCl4-injured Wistar rats in vivo. MTT assay was used to determine cell viability and the serum biochemical markers of liver injury as well as histopathology was performed. In vitro 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and β-carotene free-radical scavenging assay and phytochemical screening of the extract were done. Furthermore, A. javanica total extract was standardized and validated by high-performance thin layer chromatographic method.
MTT assay showed that, while DCFH-injured cells were recovered to ~56.7% by 100 µg/ml of the extract, a 200 µg/ml dose resulted in hepatocytes recovery by ~90.2%. Oral administration of the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg.bw/day) significantly normalized the serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, very-low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and malondialdehyde levels, including tissue nonprotein sulfhydryl and total protein in CCl4-injured rats. In addition, the histopathology of dissected liver also revealed that A. javanica cured the tissue lesion compared to silymarin treatment. In vitro assays revealed strong free-radical scavenging ability of the extract and presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and saponins where rutin, a well-known antioxidant flavonoid, was identified.
Our findings demonstrate the potential of A. javanica in the attenuation of ex vivo and in vivo hepatotoxicity and oxidative damage. This further suggests its therapeutic value in various liver diseases. However, isolations of the active principles, their mechanisms of action, and other therapeutic contributions remain to be addressed.
肝脏疾病是全球第五大致死原因，可以是代谢性的、毒素诱导的或感染性的。尽管沙特传统上使用约 35 种药用植物来治疗肝脏疾病，但 Aerva javanica 的保肝作用尚未得到探索。
研究 Aerva javanica 的抗氧化和保肝作用。
用 A. javanica 地上部分的总乙醇提取物进行体外实验，在体外使用 DCFH 致毒 HepG2 细胞，在体内使用 CCl4 损伤 Wistar 大鼠。MTT 法测定细胞活力和血清肝损伤生化标志物，并进行组织病理学检查。进行体外 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基和β-胡萝卜素自由基清除试验以及提取物的植物化学筛选。此外，采用高效薄层色谱法对 A. javanica 总提取物进行标准化和验证。
MTT 试验表明，100μg/ml 的提取物可使 DCFH 损伤的细胞恢复至约 56.7%，而 200μg/ml 的剂量可使肝细胞恢复至约 90.2%。提取物（100 和 200mg/kg.bw/天）口服给药可显著使血清谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶、血清谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶、碱性磷酸酶、胆红素、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、极低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯和丙二醛水平正常化，包括 CCl4 损伤大鼠的组织非蛋白巯基和总蛋白水平。此外，解剖肝脏的组织病理学也表明，与水飞蓟素治疗相比，A. javanica 治愈了组织损伤。体外试验表明提取物具有很强的自由基清除能力，并且存在生物碱、类黄酮、单宁、甾醇和皂苷，其中芦丁，一种著名的抗氧化类黄酮，被鉴定出来。
我们的研究结果表明 A. javanica 具有减轻体外和体内肝毒性和氧化损伤的潜力。这进一步表明其在各种肝脏疾病中的治疗价值。然而，分离活性成分、其作用机制和其他治疗贡献仍有待解决。
