University of Aveiro, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation/Dep. Mechanical Engineering, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; University of Aveiro, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation/Dep. Mechanical Engineering, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal,.
Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; University of Aveiro, Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation/Dep. Mechanical Engineering, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Accid Anal Prev. 2016 Jul;92:153-67. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.03.008. Epub 2016 Apr 9.
In general, car manufacturers face trade-offs between safety, efficiency and environmental performance when choosing between mass, length, engine power, and fuel efficiency. Moreover, the information available to the consumers makes difficult to assess all these components at once, especially when aiming to compare vehicles across different categories and/or to compare vehicles in the same category but across different model years. The main objective of this research was to develop an integrated tool able to assess vehicle's performance simultaneously for safety and environmental domains, leading to the research output of a Safety, Fuel Efficiency and Green Emissions (SEG) indicator able to evaluate and rank vehicle's performance across those three domains. For this purpose, crash data was gathered in Porto (Portugal) for the period 2006-2010 (N=1374). The crash database was analyzed and crash severity prediction models were developed using advanced logistic regression models. Following, the methodology for the SEG indicator was established combining the vehicle's safety and the environmental evaluation into an integrated analysis. The obtained results for the SEG indicator do not show any trade-off between vehicle's safety, fuel consumption and emissions. The best performance was achieved for newer gasoline passenger vehicles (<5year) with a smaller engine size (<1400cm(3)). According to the SEG indicator, a vehicle with these characteristics can be recommended for a safety-conscious profile user, as well as for a user more interested in fuel economy and/or in green performance. On the other hand, for larger engine size vehicles (>2000cm(3)) the combined score for safety user profile was in average more satisfactory than for vehicles in the smaller engine size group (<1400cm(3)), which suggests that in general, larger vehicles may offer extra protection. The achieved results demonstrate that the developed SEG integrated methodology can be a helpful tool for consumers to evaluate their vehicle selection through different domains (safety, fuel efficiency and green emissions). Furthermore, SEG indicator allows the comparison of vehicles across different categories and vehicle model years. Hence, this research is intended to support the decision-making process for transportation policy, safety and sustainable mobility, providing insights not only to policy makers, but also for general public guidance.
一般来说，汽车制造商在选择质量、长度、发动机功率和燃油效率时，需要在安全性、效率和环境性能之间进行权衡。此外，消费者获得的信息使得他们难以一次性评估所有这些因素，特别是当他们试图比较不同类别中的车辆，或者比较同一类别但不同车型年的车辆时。本研究的主要目的是开发一种集成工具，能够同时评估车辆在安全和环境领域的性能，从而研究输出一个安全、燃油效率和绿色排放（SEG）指标，能够评估和排名车辆在这三个领域的性能。为此，在 2006-2010 年期间（N=1374）在葡萄牙波尔图收集了碰撞数据。对碰撞数据库进行了分析，并使用先进的逻辑回归模型开发了碰撞严重度预测模型。随后，结合车辆的安全性和环境评估，建立了 SEG 指标的方法。得到的 SEG 指标结果表明，车辆的安全性、燃油消耗和排放之间没有权衡。性能最好的是较新的小排量汽油乘用车（<5 年）（<1400cm³）。根据 SEG 指标，对于安全意识较强的用户，以及对燃油经济性和/或绿色性能更感兴趣的用户，建议选择具有这些特点的车辆。另一方面，对于较大排量的车辆（>2000cm³），安全用户配置文件的综合得分平均来说比小排量车辆组（<1400cm³）更令人满意，这表明一般来说，较大的车辆可能提供额外的保护。研究结果表明，所开发的 SEG 集成方法可以成为消费者通过不同领域（安全性、燃油效率和绿色排放）评估其车辆选择的有用工具。此外，SEG 指标允许跨不同类别和车辆模型年份进行车辆比较。因此，本研究旨在为交通政策、安全和可持续移动性的决策过程提供支持，不仅为决策者提供见解，也为公众提供指导。
