Quiles Anita, Valladas Hélène, Bocherens Hervé, Delqué-Količ Emmanuelle, Kaltnecker Evelyne, van der Plicht Johannes, Delannoy Jean-Jacques, Feruglio Valérie, Fritz Carole, Monney Julien, Philippe Michel, Tosello Gilles, Clottes Jean, Geneste Jean-Michel
Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale, Pôle Archéométrie, 11441 Cairo, Egypt; Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE/IPSL), Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France;
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Apr 26;113(17):4670-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1523158113. Epub 2016 Apr 11.
Radiocarbon dates for the ancient drawings in the Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave revealed ages much older than expected. These early ages and nature of this Paleolithic art make this United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) site indisputably unique. A large, multidisciplinary dating program has recently mapped the anthropological evolution associated with the cave. More than 350 dates (by (14)C, U-Th, TL and (36)Cl) were obtained over the last 15 y. They include 259 radiocarbon dates, mainly related to the rock art and human activity in the cave. We present here more than 80 previously unpublished dates. All of the dates were integrated into a high-precision Bayesian model based on archaeological evidence to securely reconstruct the complete history of the Chauvet-Pont d'Arc Cave on an absolute timescale. It shows that there were two distinct periods of human activity in the cave, one from 37 to 33,500 y ago, and the other from 31 to 28,000 y ago. Cave bears also took refuge in the cave until 33,000 y ago.
肖维-蓬达尔克洞穴中古代绘画的放射性碳年代测定结果显示，其年代比预期要古老得多。这些早期年代以及这种旧石器时代艺术的性质，使得这个联合国教育、科学及文化组织（教科文组织）认定的遗址无可争议地独一无二。最近，一个大型多学科年代测定项目描绘了与该洞穴相关的人类进化历程。在过去15年里，获取了350多个年代数据（通过碳-14、铀-钍、热释光和氯-36测定）。其中包括259个放射性碳年代数据，主要与洞穴中的岩石艺术和人类活动有关。我们在此展示80多个此前未发表的年代数据。所有这些年代数据都被整合到一个基于考古证据的高精度贝叶斯模型中，以便在绝对时间尺度上可靠地重建肖维-蓬达尔克洞穴的完整历史。结果表明，洞穴中存在两个不同的人类活动时期，一个在距今3.7万至3.35万年前，另一个在距今3.1万至2.8万年前。洞熊也在该洞穴中避难，直到3.3万年前。
