Pichereaux Carole, Hernández-Domínguez Eric E, Santos-Diaz Maria Del Socorro, Reyes-Agüero Antonio, Astello-García Marizel, Guéraud Françoise, Negre-Salvayre Anne, Schiltz Odile, Rossignol Michel, Barba de la Rosa Ana Paulina
Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale-Fédération de Recherche Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France; Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France.
IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A.C., San Luis Potosi, Mexico.
J Proteomics. 2016 Jun 30;143:353-364. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.04.003. Epub 2016 Apr 9.
The Opuntia genus is widely distributed in America, but the highest richness of wild species are found in Mexico, as well as the most domesticated Opuntia ficus-indica, which is the most domesticated species and an important crop in agricultural economies of arid and semiarid areas worldwide. During domestication process, the Opuntia morphological characteristics were favored, such as less and smaller spines in cladodes and less seeds in fruits, but changes at molecular level are almost unknown. To obtain more insights about the Opuntia molecular changes through domestication, a shotgun proteomic analysis and database-dependent searches by homology was carried out. >1000 protein species were identified and by using a label-free quantitation method, the Opuntia proteomes were compared in order to identify differentially accumulated proteins among wild and domesticated species. Most of the changes were observed in glucose, secondary, and 1C metabolism, which correlate with the observed protein, fiber and phenolic compounds accumulation in Opuntia cladodes. Regulatory proteins, ribosomal proteins, and proteins related with response to stress were also observed in differential accumulation. These results provide new valuable data that will help to the understanding of the molecular changes of Opuntia species through domestication.
Opuntia species are well adapted to dry and warm conditions in arid and semiarid regions worldwide, and they are highly productive plants showing considerable promises as an alternative food source. However, there is a gap regarding Opuntia molecular mechanisms that enable them to grow in extreme environmental conditions and how the domestication processes has changed them. In the present study, a shotgun analysis was carried out to characterize the proteomes of five Opuntia species selected by its domestication degree. Our results will help to a better understanding of proteomic features underlying the selection and specialization under evolution and domestication of Opuntia and will provide a platform for basic biology research and gene discovery.
仙人掌属植物广泛分布于美洲，但野生种丰富度最高的是在墨西哥，同时也是驯化程度最高的仙人掌（即仙人掌属的食用仙人掌），它是驯化程度最高的物种，也是全球干旱和半干旱地区农业经济中的一种重要作物。在驯化过程中，仙人掌的形态特征受到青睐，例如茎节上的刺更少、更小，果实中的种子也更少，但分子水平上的变化几乎未知。为了更深入了解仙人掌在驯化过程中的分子变化，进行了鸟枪法蛋白质组分析和基于数据库的同源性搜索。鉴定出了1000多种蛋白质，并使用无标记定量方法比较了仙人掌的蛋白质组，以鉴定野生种和驯化种之间差异积累的蛋白质。大多数变化出现在葡萄糖、次生代谢和一碳代谢中，这与在仙人掌茎节中观察到的蛋白质、纤维和酚类化合物积累相关。在差异积累中还观察到了调节蛋白、核糖体蛋白以及与应激反应相关的蛋白。这些结果提供了新的有价值的数据，将有助于理解仙人掌属物种在驯化过程中的分子变化。
仙人掌属植物非常适应全球干旱和半干旱地区的干燥和温暖条件，它们是高产植物，作为替代食物来源具有很大潜力。然而，关于仙人掌使其能够在极端环境条件下生长的分子机制以及驯化过程如何改变它们，仍存在空白。在本研究中，进行了鸟枪法分析以表征根据驯化程度选择的五种仙人掌物种的蛋白质组。我们的结果将有助于更好地理解仙人掌在进化和驯化过程中选择和特化背后的蛋白质组特征，并将为基础生物学研究和基因发现提供一个平台。
