Kashulin A, Seredkina N, Sørum H
Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Medical Biology, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
J Fish Dis. 2017 Jan;40(1):119-126. doi: 10.1111/jfd.12465. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
The current review for the first time summarizes the findings of the 30 years of research on cold-water vibriosis (CWV). The diseased caused by Aliivibrio salmonicida (earlier known as Vibrio salmonicida) was for the first time described in 1986 and became one of the most important bacterial diseases in salmon aquaculture. The lack of appropriate vaccine hampered development of Atlantic salmon aquaculture until the late 1980s when a novel vaccine allowed dramatic increase in the Atlantic salmon farming. In December 2007, the genus Vibrio was split into two genera and several bacterial species including V. salmonicida were transferred to genus Aliivibrio. The change of the names create significant difficulties with the designation of the CWV disease agent since its abbreviation A. salmonicida became similar to another well-known salmon pathogen Aeromonas salmonicida (A. salmonicida). The disease was considered as controlled by vaccination, but reappeared at Atlantic salmon farms in 2011, this time affecting vaccinated Atlantic salmon. The current review summarizes the knowledge on pathogenesis, vaccination and treatment of CWV and proposes further directions for studying the disease.
本综述首次总结了30年来冷水弧菌病（CWV）的研究结果。由杀鲑气单胞菌（先前称为鲑弧菌）引起的疾病于1986年首次被描述，并成为鲑鱼养殖中最重要的细菌性疾病之一。直到20世纪80年代末一种新型疫苗使大西洋鲑鱼养殖大幅增加之前，缺乏合适的疫苗阻碍了大西洋鲑鱼养殖的发展。2007年12月，弧菌属被分为两个属，包括鲑弧菌在内的几个细菌物种被转移到气单胞菌属。名称的变化给CWV病原体的命名带来了很大困难，因为其缩写A. salmonicida与另一种著名的鲑鱼病原体杀鲑气单胞菌（A. salmonicida）相似。该疾病曾被认为可通过疫苗接种得到控制，但在2011年又出现在大西洋鲑鱼养殖场，这次影响到了接种过疫苗的大西洋鲑鱼。本综述总结了关于CWV发病机制、疫苗接种和治疗方面的知识，并提出了该疾病进一步的研究方向。
