Liu Di, Pan Feng
Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2016 Apr;36(2):153-161. doi: 10.1007/s11596-016-1559-x. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Organ transplantation is an effective approach for the treatment of end-stage organ failures. Currently, the donor organs used for clinical transplantation are all preserved at above-zero temperatures. These preservation methods are well-established and simple but the storage time lasts for only 4-12 h. Some researchers tried to extend the organ storage time by improving protectant and HLA matching to raise the use of stored organs and prolong the long-term survival of organs. These efforts still fall short of the clinical demand for organ transplantation. Moreover, a great many organs were wasted due to limited storage time, HLA mismatch, patients' conditions or distance involved. Therefore, preserving organs for several weeks or even months and establishing Organ Bank are the tough challenges and have become a shared goal of global scholars. This article reviews some issues involved in the cryopreservation of organs, such as use of cryoprotecting agents, freezing and thawing methods in the cryopreservation of hearts, kidneys and other organs.
器官移植是治疗终末期器官衰竭的有效方法。目前，用于临床移植的供体器官均在零上温度下保存。这些保存方法成熟且简单，但储存时间仅为4 - 12小时。一些研究人员试图通过改进保护剂和人类白细胞抗原（HLA）配型来延长器官储存时间，以提高储存器官的利用率并延长器官的长期存活时间。这些努力仍未达到器官移植的临床需求。此外，由于储存时间有限、HLA不匹配、患者病情或涉及的距离等原因，大量器官被浪费。因此，将器官保存数周甚至数月并建立器官库是严峻的挑战，已成为全球学者的共同目标。本文综述了器官冷冻保存中涉及的一些问题，如心脏、肾脏等器官冷冻保存中冷冻保护剂的使用、冷冻和解冻方法。
