Balachova Tatiana, Bard David, Bonner Barbara, Chaffin Mark, Isurina Galina, Tsvetkova Larissa, Volkova Elena
a The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City , OK , USA.
b St. Petersburg State University , St. Petersburg , Russia.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2016 May;42(3):306-15. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2016.1141914. Epub 2016 Apr 13.
Drinking patterns among Russian women indicate substantial risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies. Data about women's knowledge and attitudes related to alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the extent to which women's knowledge and attitudes affect their alcohol use remain limited.
To describe Russian women's knowledge and attitudes and assess whether women's knowledge and attitudes were associated with their risky drinking.
A cross-sectional survey was administered to women of childbearing age (n = 648). Participants were recruited at women's health clinics and asked about their alcohol consumption, pregnancy status, attitudes, and knowledge about effects of alcohol and Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS).
40% of the women surveyed believed or were uncertain whether alcohol consumption during pregnancy was acceptable. Although 34% had heard of FAS, only 8% possessed accurate knowledge. Correct knowledge was associated with decreased alcohol consumption among pregnant women, but there was no association between knowledge and risky drinking in nonpregnant women, including those who were at risk for an unplanned pregnancy or were trying to conceive. However attitudes were strongly associated with risky drinking by nonpregnant women across levels of knowledge about FAS and any alcohol use by pregnant women.
Russian women had limited knowledge and several misconceptions about the effects of alcohol on the fetus, and risky alcohol consumption was strongly associated with women's attitudes and knowledge. The study provides strong evidence to support continuing public health education about effects of alcohol use during pregnancy. Correcting specific misconceptions and targeting the preconceptional period in health communications are necessary to reduce at-risk drinking and the risk for alcohol-exposed pregnancies.
俄罗斯女性的饮酒模式表明其存在酒精暴露妊娠的重大风险。关于女性在孕期饮酒的知识和态度，以及女性的知识和态度在多大程度上影响其饮酒行为的数据仍然有限。
描述俄罗斯女性的知识和态度，并评估女性的知识和态度是否与其危险饮酒行为相关。
对育龄女性（n = 648）进行了一项横断面调查。参与者在妇女健康诊所招募，询问她们的饮酒情况、妊娠状态、态度以及关于酒精和胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FAS）影响的知识。
40%的受访女性认为或不确定孕期饮酒是否可接受。虽然34%的人听说过FAS，但只有8%的人掌握准确知识。正确的知识与孕妇饮酒量减少相关，但在非孕妇中，包括那些有意外怀孕风险或正在尝试受孕的女性，知识与危险饮酒之间没有关联。然而，态度与非孕妇的危险饮酒密切相关，无论她们对FAS的了解程度如何，以及与孕妇的任何饮酒行为密切相关。
俄罗斯女性对酒精对胎儿影响的知识有限且存在一些误解，危险饮酒行为与女性的态度和知识密切相关。该研究提供了有力证据，支持继续开展关于孕期饮酒影响的公共健康教育。纠正具体误解并在健康宣传中针对孕前阶段是减少危险饮酒和酒精暴露妊娠风险所必需的。
