Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.
Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2019 Jun;43(6):1213-1219. doi: 10.1111/acer.14031. Epub 2019 May 6.
In 1997, The Danish Health Authority recommended that "it is safest not to drink alcohol when you are pregnant," and in 1999 expanded recommendations. There are only a few studies evaluating the possible change of average alcohol consumption following changes in national recommendations, and no studies have been found comparing the changes in pregnant women's attitudes toward alcohol consumption during pregnancy. We aimed to evaluate the changes in drinking pattern, and knowledge about and attitudes toward alcohol consumption during pregnancy before and after the change of national recommendations.
This is a cross-sectional interview study with a representative sample of 1,418 woman attending antenatal care at the beginning of their second trimester in Aarhus, Denmark, in the year 2000, and a comparable sample of 439 pregnant women from 1998 in Aarhus. Participants were interviewed about their average alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and attitudes toward and knowledge about alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Data collection procedures and questions were identical for both samples.
There were no differences between the 2 samples in terms of average alcohol consumption before (p = 0.19) and during (p = 0.45) pregnancy, and binge drinking in early pregnancy (p = 0.47). Attitudes toward and knowledge about alcohol in pregnancy did not change either (p > 0.5). Women's knowledge about guidelines was less precise in 2000 (p < 0.001). Worse knowledge was associated with younger age considering both samples (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.63 to 4.26). Most pregnant women reported that they had not been informed or advised about alcohol consumption during pregnancy, but they would like to be advised by their healthcare professionals.
After the changes in the national guidelines about alcohol consumption during pregnancy, there were no changes in behavior, attitudes, and knowledge of pregnant women. This would indicate that healthcare specialists should be encouraged to initiate a conversation about alcohol consumption during the first antenatal visit.
1997 年，丹麦卫生署建议“孕妇最好不要饮酒”，并于 1999 年扩大了这一建议。只有少数研究评估了国家建议改变后平均饮酒量的可能变化，也没有研究发现比较孕妇在怀孕期间对饮酒态度的变化。我们旨在评估国家建议改变前后孕妇饮酒模式、对饮酒的认知和态度的变化。
这是一项在丹麦奥胡斯的孕妇在妊娠中期开始时接受产前检查的 1418 名女性的代表性样本的横断面访谈研究，以及在奥胡斯的 1998 年的 439 名孕妇的可比样本。参与者被问及她们的平均饮酒量、狂饮和对怀孕期间饮酒的态度和认知。两个样本的数据收集程序和问题都是相同的。
两个样本在妊娠前（p=0.19）和妊娠期间（p=0.45）的平均饮酒量以及妊娠早期的狂饮量（p=0.47）均无差异。对怀孕期间饮酒的态度和认知也没有变化（p>0.5）。2000 年，女性对指南的了解不够准确（p<0.001）。在两个样本中，较差的知识与更年轻的年龄有关（OR=2.63，95%CI：1.63 至 4.26）。大多数孕妇报告说，她们没有被告知或建议在怀孕期间饮酒，但她们希望从医疗保健专业人员那里得到建议。
在国家关于怀孕期间饮酒的指南改变后，孕妇的行为、态度和知识没有改变。这表明，应该鼓励医疗保健专家在第一次产前就诊时就开始讨论饮酒问题。
