Popova Svetlana, Yaltonskaya Aleksandra, Yaltonsky Vladimir, Kolpakov Yaroslav, Abrosimov Ilya, Pervakov Kristina, Tanner Valeria, Rehm Jürgen
Corresponding author:
Alcohol Alcohol. 2014 Jan-Feb;49(1):84-95. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agt156. Epub 2013 Oct 23.
Although Russia has one of the highest rates of alcohol consumption and alcohol-attributable burden of disease, little is known about the existing research on prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) in this country. The objective of this study was to locate and review published and unpublished studies related to any aspect of PAE and FASD conducted in or using study populations from Russia.
A systematic literature search was conducted in multiple English and Russian electronic bibliographic databases. In addition, a manual search was conducted in several major libraries in Moscow.
The search revealed a small pool of existing research studies related to PAE and/or FASD in Russia (126: 22 in English and 104 in Russian). Existing epidemiological data indicate a high prevalence of PAE and FASD, which underlines the strong negative impact that alcohol has on mortality, morbidity and disability in Russia. High levels of alcohol consumption by women of childbearing age, low levels of contraception use, and low levels of knowledge by health and other professionals regarding the harmful effects of PAE put this country at great risk of further alcohol-affected pregnancies.
Alcohol preventive measures in Russia warrant immediate attention. More research focused on alcohol prevention and policy is needed in order to reduce alcohol-related harm, especially in the field of FASD.
尽管俄罗斯是酒精消费量和酒精所致疾病负担率最高的国家之一，但该国关于产前酒精暴露（PAE）和胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASDs）的现有研究却知之甚少。本研究的目的是查找并综述在俄罗斯开展的或使用来自俄罗斯的研究人群的、与PAE和FASD任何方面相关的已发表和未发表的研究。
在多个英文和俄文电子书目数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。此外，还在莫斯科的几家主要图书馆进行了手工检索。
检索发现俄罗斯现有少量与PAE和/或FASD相关的研究（共126项：英文22项，俄文104项）。现有流行病学数据表明PAE和FASD的患病率很高，这凸显了酒精对俄罗斯死亡率、发病率和残疾率产生的强烈负面影响。育龄妇女酒精消费量高、避孕措施使用率低，以及卫生和其他专业人员对PAE有害影响的认知水平低，使该国面临更多受酒精影响妊娠的巨大风险。
俄罗斯的酒精预防措施亟待关注。需要开展更多聚焦于酒精预防和政策的研究，以减少与酒精相关的危害，尤其是在FASD领域。
