Milliken Jennifer, Paul Lisa A, Sasson Sapir, Porter Abigail, Hasulube Jemi
Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, USA.
Violence Vict. 2016;31(3):457-70. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00144. Epub 2016 Apr 8.
Sexual assault victims are more likely to disclose their experience to friends and family than formal support sources (e.g., police, counselors). As such, disclosure receipt is a relatively common occurrence, but little is known about the recipients' disclosure experience. This study examined predictors of recipient emotional distress and positive and negative changes in the victim-recipient relationship postdisclosure among 69 female undergraduates at 3 universities. Predictors of distress included greater self-rated closeness to the victim and greater confusion about how to help. Positive changes were predicted by greater closeness and less responsibility attributed to the victim, and negative changes were predicted by less closeness, greater assigned responsibility, and greater perceived ineffectiveness of one's help. Implications for improving the disclosure experience via psychoeducational interventions are presented.
性侵犯受害者向朋友和家人披露其经历的可能性要高于向正式支持来源（如警方、咨询师）披露。因此，收到披露信息是相对常见的情况，但对于接收者的披露经历却知之甚少。本研究调查了三所大学的69名本科女生中，接收者情绪困扰的预测因素以及披露后受害者与接收者关系中的积极和消极变化。困扰的预测因素包括自我评定的与受害者的亲密程度更高以及对如何提供帮助的困惑更大。亲密程度更高且归咎于受害者的责任更少可预测积极变化，而亲密程度更低、分配的责任更大以及感觉自己的帮助效果更低则可预测消极变化。本文还介绍了通过心理教育干预改善披露经历的意义。
