对一名假设的强奸受害者的认知及提供的帮助：强奸事件披露接受者与未接受者之间的差异。
Perceptions of, and assistance provided to, a hypothetical rape victim: differences between rape disclosure recipients and nonrecipients.
作者信息
Paul Lisa A, Kehn Andre, Gray Matt J, Salapska-Gelleri Joanna
机构信息
a Department of Psychology , Northern Illinois University DeKalb , Illinois.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2014;62(6):426-33. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2014.917651.
OBJECTIVE
Undergraduate rape disclosure recipients' and nonrecipients' sociodemographic and life experience variables, attitudes towards rape, and responses to a hypothetical rape disclosure were compared to determine differences between them.
PARTICIPANTS
One hundred ninety-two undergraduates at 3 universities participated in this online survey between November 2011 and April 2012.
METHODS
Participants reported on their rape myth acceptance (RMA) and personal direct and indirect (ie, disclosure receipt) experiences with sexual assault. Participants also responded to a hypothetical rape disclosure.
RESULTS
Disclosure recipients were more likely to report a victimization history, and less confusion and perceived ineffectiveness in helping the hypothetical victim. RMA and nonrecipient status predicted perceived victim responsibility; these variables and childhood victimization predicted confusion about helping. RMA also predicted perceived ineffectiveness of one's helping behaviors. Victimization history and female gender predicted victim empathy.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings can inform sexual assault-related programming for undergraduates through the provision of targeted assistance and corrective information.
目的
比较本科阶段曾接收过强奸事件披露者与未接收者的社会人口统计学及生活经历变量、对强奸的态度，以及对假设的强奸事件披露的反应，以确定两者之间的差异。
参与者
2011年11月至2012年4月期间，三所大学的192名本科生参与了这项在线调查。
方法
参与者报告了他们对强奸谬见的接受程度（RMA）以及性侵犯的个人直接和间接（即接收披露）经历。参与者还对一个假设的强奸事件披露做出了回应。
结果
接收过披露者更有可能报告有受害经历，并且在帮助假设的受害者时困惑更少，感觉效果更佳。RMA和未接收者身份预测了对受害者责任的认知；这些变量以及童年受害经历预测了在帮助他人时的困惑。RMA还预测了个人帮助行为的无效感。受害经历和女性性别预测了对受害者的同理心。
结论
这些发现可为本科生的性侵犯相关项目提供参考，通过提供有针对性的援助和纠正信息。
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