Lu Ya-Ching, Chang Joseph T, Chan Err-Cheng, Chao Yin-Kai, Yeh Ta-Sen, Chen Jinn-Shiun, Cheng Ann-Joy
1. Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
J Cancer. 2016 Mar 20;7(6):650-5. doi: 10.7150/jca.13460. eCollection 2016.
Over the past decade, the emergence of microRNA (miRNA) research has firmly established this molecular family as a key component in cells. MiRNAs, which function as negative gene regulators, participate in multiple biological processes and maintain homeostasis in cells. The dysregulation of miRNA may contribute to numerous human disorders, including cancer. Recently, miR-196 was found to be aberrantly expressed in a wide range of malignant diseases, which suggests that it plays important roles in carcinogenesis. Here, we summarize the current knowledge concerning miR-196 family in cancers. This review includes miR-196 gene structure and aberrant expression in various cancers, and current understanding of numerous functions and regulatory targets of miR-196 in specific cancers. Since miR-196 are consistently found over-expressed in digestive tract cancer tissues, we also reviewed the clinical significance and potential applications of miR-196 in these cancers. We highlight that miR-196 may serve as an emerging cancer biomarker for digestive tract cancers.
在过去十年中，微小RNA（miRNA）研究的出现已牢固确立了这个分子家族作为细胞关键组成部分的地位。作为负性基因调节因子发挥作用的miRNA参与多种生物学过程并维持细胞内的稳态。miRNA的失调可能导致包括癌症在内的众多人类疾病。最近，发现miR-196在多种恶性疾病中异常表达，这表明它在致癌过程中发挥重要作用。在此，我们总结了目前关于癌症中miR-196家族的知识。本综述包括miR-196基因结构及其在各种癌症中的异常表达，以及目前对miR-196在特定癌症中的多种功能和调控靶点的理解。由于在消化道癌组织中一直发现miR-196过表达，我们还综述了miR-196在这些癌症中的临床意义和潜在应用。我们强调，miR-196可能成为消化道癌症一种新出现的癌症生物标志物。
