社会支持、性暴力与女性跨国移民到南非后的交易性行为。
Social Support, Sexual Violence, and Transactional Sex Among Female Transnational Migrants to South Africa.
机构信息
At the time of this study, Margaret Giorgio, Sally Guttmacher, and Farzana Kapadia were with the Department of Nutrition, New York University, New York, NY. Loraine Townsend, Yanga Zembe, and Catherine Mathews are with the Health Systems Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa. Mireille Cheyip is with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2016 Jun;106(6):1123-9. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303107. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the relationship between sexual violence and transactional sex and assess the impact of social support on this relationship among female transnational migrants in Cape Town, South Africa.
METHODS
In 2012 we administered a behavioral risk factor survey using respondent-driven sampling to transnational migrant women aged between 16 and 39 years, born outside South Africa, living in Cape Town, and speaking English, Shona, Swahili, Lingala, Kirundi, Kinyarwanda, French, or Somali.
RESULTS
Controlling for study covariates, travel-phase sexual violence was positively associated with engagement in transactional sex (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR] = 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07, 1.77), and social support was shown to be a protective factor (APR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.75, 0.95). The interaction of experienced sexual violence during migration and social support score was APR = 0.85 (95% CI = 0.66, 1.10). In the stratified analysis, we found an increased risk of transactional sex among the low social support group (APR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.22, 2.00). This relationship was not statistically significant among the moderate or high social support group (APR = 1.04; 95% CI = 0.58, 1.87).
CONCLUSIONS
Programs designed to strengthen social support may reduce transactional sex among migrant women after they have settled in their receiving communities.
目的
探讨性暴力与交易性行为之间的关系，并评估社会支持对南非开普敦的女性跨国移民中这种关系的影响。
方法
2012 年，我们使用基于受访者驱动抽样的方法，对年龄在 16 至 39 岁之间、出生在南非以外、居住在开普敦、会说英语、绍纳语、斯瓦希里语、林加拉语、基尼亚卢旺达语、卢旺达语、法语或索马里语的跨国移民女性进行了行为风险因素调查。
结果
在控制了研究协变量后，旅行阶段的性暴力与从事交易性行为呈正相关（调整后的患病率比 [APR]=1.38；95%置信区间 [CI]=1.07，1.77），社会支持被证明是一个保护因素（APR=0.84；95%CI=0.75，0.95）。经历过的性暴力和社会支持评分之间的相互作用的 APR 值为 0.85（95%CI=0.66，1.10）。在分层分析中，我们发现低社会支持组从事交易性行为的风险增加（APR=1.56；95%CI=1.22，2.00）。在中或高社会支持组中，这种关系没有统计学意义（APR=1.04；95%CI=0.58，1.87）。
结论
旨在加强社会支持的计划可能会减少移民妇女在定居在接收社区后从事交易性行为的风险。
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