Dorman Michael F, Loiselle Louise H, Cook Sarah J, Yost William A, Gifford René H
Arizona State University, Tempe, Ariz., USA.
Audiol Neurootol. 2016;21(3):127-31. doi: 10.1159/000444740. Epub 2016 Apr 15.
Our primary aim was to determine whether listeners in the following patient groups achieve localization accuracy within the 95th percentile of accuracy shown by younger or older normal-hearing (NH) listeners: (1) hearing impaired with bilateral hearing aids, (2) bimodal cochlear implant (CI), (3) bilateral CI, (4) hearing preservation CI, (5) single-sided deaf CI and (6) combined bilateral CI and bilateral hearing preservation.
The listeners included 57 young NH listeners, 12 older NH listeners, 17 listeners fit with hearing aids, 8 bimodal CI listeners, 32 bilateral CI listeners, 8 hearing preservation CI listeners, 13 single-sided deaf CI listeners and 3 listeners with bilateral CIs and bilateral hearing preservation. Sound source localization was assessed in a sound-deadened room with 13 loudspeakers arrayed in a 180-degree arc.
The root mean square (rms) error for the NH listeners was 6 degrees. The 95th percentile was 11 degrees. Nine of 16 listeners with bilateral hearing aids achieved scores within the 95th percentile of normal. Only 1 of 64 CI patients achieved a score within that range. Bimodal CI listeners scored at a level near chance, as did the listeners with a single CI or a single NH ear. Listeners with (1) bilateral CIs, (2) hearing preservation CIs, (3) single-sided deaf CIs and (4) both bilateral CIs and bilateral hearing preservation, all showed rms error scores within a similar range (mean scores between 20 and 30 degrees of error).
Modern CIs do not restore a normal level of sound source localization for CI listeners with access to sound information from two ears.
我们的主要目的是确定以下患者群体的听众在定位准确性方面是否能达到年轻或年长正常听力（NH）听众所示准确性的第95百分位数：（1）佩戴双侧助听器的听力受损者；（2）双耳混合式人工耳蜗（CI）使用者；（3）双侧人工耳蜗使用者；（4）听力保留型人工耳蜗使用者；（5）单侧耳聋人工耳蜗使用者；（6）双侧人工耳蜗与双侧听力保留联合使用者。
听众包括57名年轻正常听力者、12名年长正常听力者、17名佩戴助听器者、8名双耳混合式人工耳蜗使用者、32名双侧人工耳蜗使用者、8名听力保留型人工耳蜗使用者、13名单侧耳聋人工耳蜗使用者以及3名双侧人工耳蜗与双侧听力保留联合使用者。在一个消声室内评估声源定位，13个扬声器排列成180度的弧形。
正常听力听众的均方根（rms）误差为6度。第95百分位数为11度。16名佩戴双侧助听器的听众中有9名的得分在正常水平的第95百分位数以内。64名人工耳蜗患者中只有1名得分在该范围内。双耳混合式人工耳蜗使用者的得分接近随机水平，单侧人工耳蜗使用者或单侧正常听力耳朵的使用者也是如此。（1）双侧人工耳蜗使用者、（2）听力保留型人工耳蜗使用者、（3）单侧耳聋人工耳蜗使用者以及（4）双侧人工耳蜗与双侧听力保留联合使用者，均显示均方根误差得分在相似范围内（平均得分在20至30度误差之间）。
对于能够从两只耳朵获取声音信息的人工耳蜗使用者，现代人工耳蜗并不能恢复正常水平的声源定位。
