Machado Bárbara César, Dias Pedro, Lima Vânia Sousa, Campos Joana, Gonçalves Sónia
Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Centre for Studies in Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Porto, Portugal.
Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Centre for Studies in Human Development, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Porto, Portugal.
Eat Behav. 2016 Aug;22:16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.03.035. Epub 2016 Apr 5.
The present study, conducted with a population-based preschool children sample, aimed to examine the prevalence rates of picky eating according to the presence of the avoidance or restriction of food intake, searching for picky-eating correlates.
959 children from 1.5 to 6years old were evaluated by their parents and caregivers/teachers. Picky eating was assessed by CBCL 1.5-5 and C-TRF, following Cano et al.'s (2015) procedure.
The prevalence of picky eating was 25.1%. The comparison of the picky-eating group and the non-picky-eating group indicated that picky eating was more common in older children and in children from lower-income families with younger parents. Significant associations were found between picky eating, pregnancy and birth delivery complications. Emotional and behavioral problems were also found to differentiate picky eaters and non-picky eaters using DSM-5-oriented subscales. The results of a binary logistic regression analysis revealed that children with somatic complaints and attention problems were more likely to be picky eaters.
Picky eating in preschool children should be considered together with sociodemographic features, pregnancy and delivery issues, and the presence of emotional and behavioral problems. Our results support the possibility that picky eating, as a specific eating pattern, could also be part of a broader pattern of behavioral problems in children.
本研究以基于人群的学龄前儿童样本进行，旨在根据食物摄入的回避或限制情况检查挑食的患病率，并寻找挑食的相关因素。
959名1.5至6岁的儿童由其父母和照顾者/教师进行评估。按照Cano等人（2015年）的程序，通过儿童行为检查表1.5 - 5岁版（CBCL 1.5 - 5）和儿童行为评定量表（C - TRF）对挑食进行评估。
挑食的患病率为25.1%。挑食组和非挑食组的比较表明，挑食在年龄较大的儿童以及父母较年轻的低收入家庭儿童中更为常见。在挑食与妊娠及分娩并发症之间发现了显著关联。使用以《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版（DSM - 5）为导向的子量表也发现，情绪和行为问题可区分挑食者和非挑食者。二元逻辑回归分析结果显示，有躯体不适和注意力问题的儿童更有可能是挑食者。
学龄前儿童的挑食应结合社会人口学特征、妊娠和分娩问题以及情绪和行为问题来考虑。我们的结果支持这样一种可能性，即挑食作为一种特定的饮食模式，也可能是儿童更广泛行为问题模式的一部分。
