Morris Julia N, Martini Angelita, Preen David
Centre for Health Services Research, School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
Support Care Cancer. 2016 Jul;24(7):3235-51. doi: 10.1007/s00520-016-3214-2. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
This paper reviewed the peer-reviewed scientific literature on well-being of children impacted by a parent with cancer.
An integrative review of peer-reviewed literature between 2000 and 2015 regarding parental cancer and its impact on families was conducted by searching relevant databases using predefined key search terms. A thematic analysis was undertaken on literature that met inclusion criteria.
Forty-nine studies met the criteria for this review, and five major themes were established: impact of cancer, communication, coping strategies, parenting factors mediating impact, and support services. There was considerable variability in study design, methodological approaches, and findings. In the majority of studies, children were significantly impacted by the parent's cancer diagnosis and exhibited distress. Daughters appeared to experience worsened mental health, and sons experienced a greater totality of internalizing and externalizing problems. Children of all ages were impacted by their parent's cancer diagnosis and initiated a number of coping strategies in response. Despite this, a significant number of studies revealed that parents underestimated the impact that their cancer had on their children. Family functioning, as well as the ill parents' gender, coping strategies, cancer severity, and mental and physical health mediated their children's well-being. Parent-child communication was a key element in supporting children.
Parental cancer may impact children's long-term well-being. Further investigations are needed in this area. Additionally, review of support programs and interventions are warranted in terms of their uptake and impact on families affected by a parent's cancer.
本文回顾了经同行评审的关于受患癌父母影响的儿童福祉的科学文献。
通过使用预定义的关键搜索词搜索相关数据库，对2000年至2015年间关于父母患癌及其对家庭影响的同行评审文献进行综合综述。对符合纳入标准的文献进行主题分析。
49项研究符合本综述的标准，并确立了五个主要主题：癌症的影响、沟通、应对策略、调节影响的育儿因素以及支持服务。研究设计、方法和结果存在很大差异。在大多数研究中，儿童受到父母癌症诊断的显著影响并表现出痛苦。女儿的心理健康似乎恶化，而儿子出现更多内化和外化问题。所有年龄段的儿童都受到父母癌症诊断的影响，并采取了一些应对策略。尽管如此，大量研究表明，父母低估了他们的癌症对孩子的影响。家庭功能以及患病父母的性别、应对策略、癌症严重程度以及身心健康调节着孩子的福祉。亲子沟通是支持孩子的关键因素。
父母患癌可能影响儿童的长期福祉。该领域需要进一步研究。此外，有必要对支持项目和干预措施在其对受父母患癌影响的家庭的采用情况和影响方面进行审查。
